

Class V § ^^ 

Book .M1J13 



\4 



f 



.#^ 



REMINISCENCES 



OF 



Santa Clara Valley 



AND 



San Jose 



WITH THE 



Souvenir of the Carnival of Roses 



Held in Honor of the Visit of 

L 

PRESIDENT McKINLEY 



Santa Clara County, California 



May 13-14-15 — igoi 



Bv AMAURY MAR3 



^15 HZ 



Copyrighted, 1901 

by 

AMAURY MARS 



<9 ' I. 



^^r- 



/^■' 









1 






Ithimitii to tlje Uleiuorg 



of 





ir^ 



3tatc President of tite Mniteft Bfates 

Bbd, Sejii U, 190i 

I TAKE THE LIBERTY TO DEDICATE THIS BOOK IN THE NAME 

OF THE PEOPLE OF SANTA CLARA COUNTY, TO THE 

MEMORY OF OUR BELOVED PRESIDENT, WHO 

WAS THEIR DISTINGUISHED GUEST, MAY 

13, 1901, AND WHO WAS SHOT BY 

A COWARDLY FANATIC, AT 

BUFFALO, N. Y., 

SEP. 6, 1901 




AMAUJY MARS, Manager 



519 Van Ness Avenue, ^iAiN'FfjAN Cisco 

F'TELEPHONE FOLSOM 2893 




PUBLISHING, COMPOSITION AND CORRECTION OF LITERARY AND ARTISTIC WORK 



tScritt ant 
ItAtlan 
Spanish 
Hnssiati 





SPECIALTY OF AI^T DESIGNING, GROUPING FOR HALF-TONE 
AND PHOTO ENLARGEMENTS. 

CHO'CE WATER-COLOR PAINTINGS OF CALIFORNIA FOR SALE 



^'PLATES 




Amaury MaSs 




FI30AMAM ,eHAM YflUAMA 

O08IDMA5^'=l HAS .3UH3VA 383H MAV Qld 
£682 M08JO^ 3HOHq3J3T 

MflOW 0IT8ITF1A QUA YflAf13TIJ ^O HOIT03Fl?iO0 QUA M0ITI20'^M00. ,0t1IH8IJaU«? 

23TAJS 0HIVA93H3 3HOT-3JAH FIO^ OHiquOflO ,0HIHGI23a TflA 30 YTJAI33q2 

.8TM3M30aAJM3 OTOH'=) GHA 

3JA8 HO^ AlHRO^IJAO ^O SOMITHIA'^ SOJO0-fl3TAW SOtOHO 




Amaury Mars 



English Edition Translated from the French by 

MARTHA B. STRAUS 

of San Jose, Cal. 

EngHsh Editor, H. L. MILLER, San Jose, California 

French Editor, L. CHARPENTIER 

Paris, France 

The French Illustrated Volume, Nicely Bound, i 5 Francs. The English Edition, Illustrated, 

Sold by all Booksellers of Santa Clara County and San Francisco. 

Bound in Princess Cover, ^2.00 



Printed by THE MYSELL-ROLLINS CO., San Francisco 

1 90 1 



7 



Preface 



^n lEss^ntial Explanation. 



Will this book benefit the public? ' 

It may seem presumptuous that I, the author of this work, should attempt to 
give a direct answer to the above simple question ; for it is the writer who writes 
the manuscript ; the editor who publishes it ; and it is the public who is supposed 
to give an opinion concerning the merits of the work. 

A writer, who is possessed of self-res])ect, and who, in the meantime, evinces 
a respect for the public, should always submit his manuscript to the discretion of 
some competent persons, sufficiently intellectual and sincere to be able to give an 
honest criticism and decide as to whether the book will benefit the public. 

Of the several opinions that were vouchsafed me I will produce the following : 

" To express myself frankly, I must say, that upon reading your manuscript, 
its style of literature impressed me as something out of the usual line ; the pleasing 
descriptions, the local coloring, the mass of details that you give relating to 
Californian women and girls ; the moral philosophy and the depth of your thoughts 
should certainly make it a lasting work, but one which I am inclined to fear is 
beyond the comprehension of the masses. 

"As far as I am concerned I consider it remarkably truthful, natural and 
useful. As a matter of course, the benefits derived therefrom will entirely depend 
upon the manner in which it is read. 

" Thanking you for your kindness in asking for my opinion, 

" I am very sincerely, 

J. Maximk Lb Conte." 

After having read and given my utmost and conscientious attention to various 
criticisms that I feel were perfectly sincere, I conned my entire manuscript again, 
made some alterations and delivered it into the hands of the printer, that is, after I 
had taken the liberty of adding "an essential explanation" to the beginning of 
this volume. 

Being a man, I am fully aware of the fact that whoever enters the contest in 
behalf of morality and truth, excites hatred by the use of any form of obloquy, 
while, on the other hand, enconitims do not tend to the production of real friends ; 
for there is no saying that is more truthful than : " He who would bestow compli- 
ments that are always received with pleasure, must call all nations great; must tell 
all men they are superior beings, and inform all women that they are perfect ;" for 
humanity in its vanity does not seem to realize the absurdities of adulation. And 

•9 



the more superficial and unimportant a person is, the more imperfect and inferior, 
the more does he delight in being exalted, flattered and glorified. 

Whoever seeks for truth is always attended with disadvantage, for even verity 
has its slight variations, and it is these selfsame variations that are the cause of so 
much perplexity. And the very reasons that impress us as being forcible and 
convincing, when uttered concerning' others, are considered insignificant and puerile 
when applied to ourselves. Still I cannot help thinking that this publication will 
be of more benefit to the country, its marvelous institutions and its inhabitants 
than the vast quantity of prospectuses, advertisements and historical souvenirs, 
abounding with half-tones that are at times delivered to the public. And I would 
now most respectfully call your attention to the fact that the fountain of compli- 
ments is about to overflow and it is high time that ye all extend your goblets that 
the}^ may be filled according to your tastes. 

That remark naturally reminds me of Dr. Cogswell, who, in the modest desire 
to prove to his fellow beings that he was a great philanthrophist, erected a statue to 
himself, that is, he presented a cast-iron facsimile of his own august person to 
various cities that the masses might be edified in contemplating it. And this same 
peculiarity is possessed by a certain young lady, whom I number among my 
acquaintances. This bewitching creature, after decking herself from head to feet, 
stands before a mirror, which reflects her precious person most accurately ; then 
smiling, she caresses herself and is willing to admit that she is charming, beautiful 
and perfect. Yet I, a discreet observer, had not informed her of that fact. 

I consider anything that tends to elevate or praise itself a species of coquetry, 
and flattery of this kind should always be regarded with a certain amount of 
suspicion. 

I have not been chary of either my admiration or enthusiasm regarding the 
marvels of the Valley and San Jose, nature's exuberance, the delicious climate, the 
charitable institutions that cover this portion of the Golden West with glory I 
have been perfectly sincere and have stinted my praise in no manner, and it seems 
to me that as long as I have been so truthful in matters concerning the beautiful, 
I am forced to adhere as faithfully to the real facts in all pertaining to the opposite. 
And it is this very contrast that tends to give the veracity its incontestible value. 

Though the private life of an individual does not appertain to the public, the 
biography of the masses is a part of the history of a country, and though the historian 
should be as accurate as possible in recording the results of his inquiries, while 
giving vent to his information, he should never overstep the bounds that are 
forbidden by the laws of morality. 

A. Mars. 



10 



CONTENTS 



Chapter Page 

Dedication - - - - ^ 

Preface - - - - 9—10 

The Board of Supervisors of Santa Clara Co. i 3 

PART I. 

I. Mount Hamilton, Almaden Mines - 17 

n. The Valley in the Spring Time - 26 

III. The Valley in the Summer Time - 30 

IV. Alum Rock Park - - - 33 
V. Around the Valley — The Alameda — Spots 

and Villages, Santa Clara College, Rancho 
de Las Llagas - - - 42 

VI. Lawrence Station, Mountain View, May- 
field, A Little Cottage, Palo Alto, 
Leland Stanford University, The City of 
Colleges - - - - 64 

VII. Berryessa, Milpitas, Alviso, Asylum for 
Insane, A Country Palace, Mrs. Win- 
chester's Residence, The County Hos- 
pital, Alms House - - - 71 
VIII. The Climate of Santa Clara Valley, Homes 

and Spots - - - - 76 

PART II. 

Souvenir of the Carnival of Roses Held in 
Honor of the Visit of President Mc- 
Kinley _ _ _ 81-144 

PART III. 

I. The City, The Public Buildings, Homes in 
San Jose, St. James Park, The Electric 
Tower, St. Joseph's Church, The Mar- 
ket, Notre Dame College - - 147 



Chapter 



Page 



II. Homes in San Jose, Characteristics of its 
Inhabitants, The Idiosyncracies of its 
Ladies, The Helps, Society - - 175 

III. Characteristics of Californians, Society, The 

Public Schools, Mode of Education in 

the United States - - - 193 

IV. Christian Charity, Salvation Army, Chi- 

nese, The Jews - - - 205 

V. Fire Department, Doctors and Lawyers, 

The San Jose Press - - - 209 

PART IV. 

Principal Business Houses of San Jose, Cal. 

211-244 

PART V. 

Prominent Societies in San Jose, Santa 
Clara County, History of the Elks, By 
Fred L. Thomas _ _ _ 247 

Officers San Jose Lodge No. 522, B. P. O. E. 255 
Membership Directory 255, 256, 257, 258, 259 
Historical Sketch of the Santa Clara 
County Pioneers, by W. D. J. Hambly, 
Acting Secretary - _ _ 265 

List of Members of the Santa Clara County 

Pioneer Society - ^73) 2,74, 275 

Explanation of Illustrations of Scientific 
Department of Santa Clara College, 
Santa Clara, Cal. - - 275, 276 



ILLUSTRATIONS 



PART I. 



Page 
19 



The Oldest Generations of Spanish in San Jose 

Lick Observatory on Summit of Mt. Hamilton - 20 

Mountain Scene Showing Beautiful Pine Trees,, Coe 

Bros.' Ranch - - - - 23 

John D. Mackenzie, First Gamewarden of Santa 

Clara County - - - - 24 

Typical Santa Clara County Cattle Ranger, Coe 

Bros.' Ranch - - - - 27 



Page 



Victor Cauhape, The Famous Cattle Rancher and 

His Staff - - - - - 28 

Bird's-eye View of Victor Cauhape's Ranch - 31 

In Alum Rock Canyon - - - 32 

Drinking Fountain in Alum Rock Park - "35 

Group of Views in Alum Rock Park - " 3^ 

California Quail - - - "39 

Victor Cauhape's Residence - - - 40 

Pedre de Saisset, French Vice-Consul at San Jose - 41 



11 



Page 

A Beautiful Home in Santa Clara, Residence of 

Hon. H. G. Bond - - - 43 
Santa Clara College Illustrations 

44, 47, 48, 49, 50, 53, 54, 55, 56 
Congress Springs, Saratoga - - "59 

Leopold Lion, Owner of Las Llagas Ranch - 60 
Rancho de Las Llagas — General View of the 

Orchard in Blossom - - - 61 

Rancho de Las Llagas — View of the Dam - 62 
Rancho de Las Lhgas — View of the Dam in the 

Distance - - - - "65 
Dr. Burke's Residences - - - 66 
The Euillades' Little Home - - - 67 
The Leland Stanford, Jr., University at Palo Alto 69 
A Country Palace, Mrs. Winchester's Residence 70 
Roads and Streams, Santa Clara Valley - - 73 
General View of the County Hospital Entrance - 74 
El Lasso - - - - - 75 
The County Hospital — Front Elevation, The Medi- 
cal Director, The Superintendent - - 77 
The County Alms House — Front Elevation, The 

Medical Director, The Superintendent - 78 
Old San Jose - - - - "79 

PART n. 

The Complete Illustrations of the Carnival of Roses 
Held in Honor of the Visit of President McKin- 
ley, Santa Clara Co., May 13, 14, 15, 1901, 83-144 

PART III. 

Hon. Chas. J. Martin, Mayor of San Jose - 149 

Jas. Kidward, Chief of Police of San Jose - 150 

The City Hall, San Jose - - " i 5 3 

Court House and Hall of Records, San Jose, Cal. 1 54 

City Hall Plaza, Post Office, St. Joseph's Church, etc. 157 

Illustrations of St. Joseph's Church 158, 161, 162 
Illustrations of College Notre Dame, San Jose 

165, 166, 167, 168, 171, 172 
Illustrations of College Notre Dame, San Francisco 

i73> 174, 177 



Page 

A Beautiful Home in San Jose, Residence of Hon. 

J. H. Campbell - - - - 178 

Society in San Jose, Hon. Chas. J. Martin's Family 179 

Home of Hon. Chas. J. Martin - - 180 

Victor Cauhape's Family - - - 183 

Mr. Lasserre's Family - - - 184 
Residence of Leon Carteri - - -185 

Jean Turonnet's Family and Residence - - 186 
Mr. Pellier, who Introduced the French Prunes in 

Santa Clara County - - - - 188 
Society in San Jose, Governor Nash of Ohio Enter- 
tained by Mrs. S. F. Lieb of San Jose - 189 
J. B. Garat's Family and Residence - - 190 
Gussefeld Home - - - - 191 
H. L. Miller's Home and Store in San Jose - 192 
The Victory Theatre - - " ^95 
Principal Buildings in San Jose - - - 196 
Group of the County and City Officers - - 199 
Group of the Deputy Assessors of Santa Clara Co. 200 
Additional Group of the Deputies of the Santa 

Clara County Assessor _ _ _ 202 

High School, San Jose - - - 203 

The San Jose Mercury _ _ _ 204 

The Two Principal Evening Papers of San Jose - 207 

The Two Principal Weekly Papers of San Jose - 208 

PART IV. 

Illustrations of the Principal Business Houses of San 

Jose, Cal. _ - _ _ 213-244 

PART V. 

Illustrations of San Jose Lodge B. P. O. E. 

246, 249, 250, 253, 254 

Residence of Alphonse Lorentz, San Jose - 259 
Some of the French Pioneers of San Jose and their 

descendants - 260, 261, 262, 263 
The Oldest and More Complete Group of the Santa 

Clara County Pioneers _ _ _ 264 

Officers Santa Clara County Pioneers - - 269 

Prominent Pioneers of Santa Clara Countv - 270 



12 




13 




Reminiscences of Santa Clara Valley and San Jose 

15 



mmSmiiAt 



part 1. 
anta Clara l^allc^g 



MOUNT HAMILTON — ALMADEN MINKS. 

Hidden behind Mt. Hamilton, Phcebus dons her Golden Helmet, 
And m,ou7iting brilliant, shines forth the Glorious Sun ! 

Behold the sun as it rises at the matutinal hour in July ! 

This first Californian aspect at early dawn is unique ; a dazzling sheet 
of light inundates our room, and glimmering beyond in the open air, 
with slightly purplish tinge, spreads over all like an incandescent cloak 
from one end of the horizon to the other ; nor is a single cloud in sight, and 

There's everywhere ^iieath a fiery sky. 

An exubera7ice of life — 
Sere7iely blue is all, on high — 

A7td plentitude is rife. 

It is a feast of light and air, the eyes are dazzled at the sight, and 
would fain close with joy beneath this streaming light that is already 
reflected by the blazing arch of Heaven. In the distance one can 
distinctly see the hills as they rise step by step to Mt. Hamilton, crowned 
with its astronomical glory, and there beyond in a cerulific perspective, the 
slopes of the Sierras appear as if painted with silvery grey on the edge of 
the sky. And every morning perfumed kisses are wafted from the gently 
rustling branches of the linden trees. Suddenly in the distance a 
sound is heard advancing with giant tread, 'tis the mighty monster 
winding its way along Fourth Street, as it drags along that bunch of 
humanity massed in its cars — the locomotive passing with deafening noise. 
We will close the window and descend — six o'clock. Oh, 
these mornings in San Jose, balmy and sweet as a day full of joy ! 

17 



^'Breakfast! breakfast!" some one is calling, and we accept the invitation 
so as not to lose the habit of eating. 

So many have attempted to describe the marvelous beauties of Santa 
Claja Valle}^, that it seems rather presumptuous for a stranger to be 
desirous of painting its diverse colors, and its various forms. It would 
require a most versatile pen, and the knowledge of an accomplished 
agriculturist, besides the capaciousness of an encyclopsedia, to be fully 
able to do justice to this dream. Alas ! One must be contented with the 
modest title of an observer, who will but write of what he has seen, and 
how he saw it. 

If we are enabled to conduct the reader amidst so many marvels, 
it is owing to the erudition and wisdom of our cicerone (the distin- 
guished representative of France) His perfect cognizance of tlie 
country, (one might say that its birth and growth had taken place 
beneath his eyes) made him the most precious of companions. How 
charming and delightful it is to meet a kindred soul, far from one's 
native soil, whose sympathetic heart also re-echoes the traditional song of 
the skylark, (the symbolical bird of France). 

And, now, oh, reader! while the sky is so clear, and all God's 
creatures are rejoicing and chanting in unison, we will go forth armed 
with umbrella, a guide and pen, to take a stroll in the garden of 
Hesperides — Nature's immense garden — that has been perfected b}^ man's 
industry and glorified by the art of horticulture. Immortal objects, that 
are ever renewed with all that is beauteous in life, with all the splendor, 
contained in lines, form, and color. Ah, what a jollification ! — the sun- 
shine, the delicious air and the sweet odors are exhilarating. 

Hurrah, for pleasure and the Santa Clara Valley ! 

There 7nay be counties larger in size and more imposing in appearance. 
But there can be none rnore beautiful and luxuria^it. 

The Santa Clara Valley is oval in shape, flat, and mountainous in 
places. The land slopes slightly at an average of about ten to a thousand 
feet, from the south to the north, thereby facilitating the flow of the 
several streams. 

In the days of yore, when there were but a few scattered adobe 
houses in San Jose the valley extended some 90 miles, from San Francisco 
to San Juan Bautista, and was known by the name of San Bernardino. 
Santa Clara Valley, as it appears at the present date, only exists since 
the year 1847. It covers an area of about 800,000 acres of land, and, at 
San Jose is some fifteen miles in width. Four miles south of the city, 
the hills called ''homos de las grimas" (hills of tears) are situated. They 

18 




THE OLDEST GENERATIONS OF SPANISH IN SAN JOSE. 



Don Ignacio Sunol, the first Mexican Alcalde 
of Santa Clara Valley. 



Don Bruno Bernal and his Son Ignacio Bernal, well- 
known as a farmer in Santa Clara County. 



The Original Document of the|Mexican Governor appointing' Don I. Sunol 
Postmaster for Santa Clara County in 1827. 



19 



were named in commemoration of the tears tHat were shed by the children 
of the first settlers, as they camped there on their way from Sonora. 
Eight miles south of the city, the valley becomes quite narrow. The 
other two sides are surrounded by a chain of mountains extending from 
the northwest to the south, attaining an altitude in several places of four 
thousand feet. Mount Hamilton, so well known to astronomers and 
scientists, on account of its famous observatory, has an altitude of 4209 
feet. Measuring a straight line from the City of San Jose to the 
observatory, the distance would be about thirteen miles ; the but present 
route, beautiful and shaded along the country roads, then winding around 
the hills, is in the neighborood of 28 miles in length. 

One can scarcely imagine a view so picturesque, and still so 
unexpected. All thought is suspended while gazing at the surroundings, 
which seem to extend to infinity. One is surrounded by chains upon 
chains of mountains, laurel trees and shrubs of mountainous growth. 

The grandeur of Mt. Hamilton, (like with other great things) is 
only revealed through study and reflection. Seen from a distance the 
effect produced is imperfect. It appears smaller, and hence its magnitude 
escapes the eye. 

Onward! Onward! The summit appeared to be quite near. But 
one can judge of its height by its distance. Ascending, still ascending, 
ever meeting with novel sights, at each advancing step it seems as if the 
goal were receding. • 

Upon arriving at the summit the view unfolded is certainly unique. 
Imagine a vast circle stretching out before you, covered with millions of 
plants, trees, shrubs and flowers, in the midst of which houses are visible, 
sparkling like bee-hives, 'neath the rays of the sun. The spectator is 
speechless with admiration and astonishment upon first attaining the 
center and summit of this vast amphitheater; he would fain speak, but 
his voice is hushed. And what increases the grandeur of this fairy 
spectacle is the view it commands into the far distance. At the right 
a gap in the bay with silvery water flowing towards the north; at the end 
the chain of mountains sheltering Santa Cruz ; at the left a narrow 
opening pointing towards San Joaquin Valley, and beyond all, the snow- 
capped peaks of the Sierra Nevada, glisten like a rainbow beneath the 
sparkling sun. The air is motionless, not a sound is heard but the 
buzzing of insects and the chirping of birds. And to think that there are 
people who were born, lived and died in San Jose without ever having 
contemplated the marvels, or enjo^^ed the enlivening ascension and the 
opportunity of admiring this glorious institution of the country, and its 

21 



surrouudiugs. It really seems unpardonable. Is it possible that a 
scientific institution of such dimensions should have been constructed for 
the use of but a few scientists and curiosity seekers who care to 
visit it ? And the generous James Lick expended $3,000,000 in an act 
that is hardly appreciated. Is it not astounding ? 

But to revert to other interesting portions of the valley. 

A delightful ride of some twelve miles through the country roads in 
a southwesterly direction from San Jose, leads to the New Almaden 
Mines. It is hardly necessary to write anything concerning the present 
history and resources of this well-known locality, as all such information 
can be readily obtained by any one who is desirous of investigating the 
matter. 

The story of its discovery is so characteristic of the days of 3^ore, 
that it seems more feasible to devote a little of our space to the past, 
rather than to the present. 

It appears that the Indians were in the habit of making use of a red 
substance which they called Mohetka (red earth) for the purpose of 
painting themselves. This red substance is the ore called cinnabar in 
which quicksilver is found. 

In 1824 1^01^ Antonio Robles who had been previously informed by 
the natives of the existence of this rock, told Don Sunol of its location ; 
he imagined it contained silver, and with this idea, worked the mine for 
a year, — after expending some four hundred dollars, and finding his 
efforts were unsuccessful, he abandoned the project. 

In the year 1845 Andres Castillers, a Mexican officer, arrived at the 
Mission of Santa Clara from Fort Sutter, upon being shown some 
specimens of this red ore- he declared it to be silver mixed with gold ; it 
was only after experimenting that he found it to be the basis of quick- 
silver. 

He immediately took the necessary steps to obtain formal possession 
of the property and, also, formed a compan3\ It was only after some 
years of primitive mining, and considerable litigation, that the mine 
finally passed into possession of the Quicksilver Mining Compau}^ in 
the year 1864. 

Near the Almaden Mines, the range of mountains on the western 
side is crowned with two peaks that seem to stand like sentinels guarding 
the precious metal still buried in the bowels of the earth. From each of 
these peaks a spring gushes forth impregnated with mercury, twisting 
and glimmering in an indescribable manner, flashes like a mirror in the 
light of the sun. 

22 




Mountain Scene Showing Beautiful Pine Trees — Cos Bros'. Ranch — Santa Clara County. 



23 




John D. Mackenzie. 
First Gamewarden of Santa Clara County. 



24 



In these mountains the well-known redwood tree of gigantic growth^ 
the king of the forest, (Sequoia Sempervirens) is found, besides quantities 
of oaks, madrones, sycamores, shrubs and underbrush that cover the 
slopes, abounding in game. 

The mountains on the east side are nearly all cultivated ; the primitive 
plants and trees being replaced by vineyards and orchards, or with fields 
of barley and corn. The source of the well-known Co3^ote River is in 
these mountains, from which it flows westward through the valley, a 
distance of more than eighteen miles, seeking the Bay of San Francisco. 
It may be that it fears the heat, because in summer it is scarcely visible ; 
but during the rainy season it seems to revive and rushes forth like a 
regular torrent. The source of the Guadaloupe, (its mate) may be found 
in the mountains near Almaden ; flowing in a northerly direction as far as 
San Jose, where, probably in capricious mood, it takes a northwesterly 
course, finding an outlet in the bed of the Bay of San Francisco. One 
might almost say that "Drought" is the evil spirit of this section of the 
country ; and, in this case, it certainly seems to have the better of 
Guadaloupe, whose name was given to the river in question. In 
summer the stream is stagnant ; and it is only in winter that its banks 
are flooded, bathing the parched surface of this famishing valley. For 
who knows how many fortunes, what labor, what hopes, have been 
already engulfed therein. 



25 



THE VALLKY IN THE SPRING TIME. 

Notwithstanding the recriminations of many, one side of the valley 
appears to be more luxuriant, more interesting than the others ; 'tis the 
northwesterly portion, which just happens to be (what a coincidence) in 
the very direction concerning which the legend relates : It was while 
two disciples of St. Hubert and of the god Mars were pursuing the king 
of the forest, a deer, that they discovered the immense Valley of San 
Bernardino, which they considered, the legend continues, ''muy bonita 
y muy grande." 

As the writer has a great fondness for legends, which rather relieve 
the tension of the mind in these days of booms and bluffs, he consequently 
entertains no idea of contradicting the little narrative. 

One can scarcely help thinking that if these two brave Nimrods 
should return to the same place to-day, their valiant, adventurous blood 
would rebound at the sight, for the uncultured, picturesque, poetical 
valley of yore — the abode of secular trees, wild flowers, and sylvan 
plants, deer, bears, coyotes, and other game of a more or less interesting 
nature — has been transformed by the habile hand of civilized man into a 
verdant and sumptuous Normandy. 

The deer, coyotes, and bears w^ere slaughtered in quantities b}^ the 
gentle hand of the white trapper. But the two hunters would still see 
the same grandiose and picturesque outlines — those majestic mountains 
whose noble beauty remind oAe of the antique gods. 

Oh! How beauteous this fair land appears in spring time, when 
decked in flowers white as bridal robe ; w^hen the air, balmy and 
limpid, is laden with sweet perfume, wafted on gentle zephyrs from 
mountains and bay. How joyous then, when the very air seems to 
palpitate and tremble with a holy and ideal ecstacy! For that is the time 
of Nature's wedding- feast, the universal Hymen that God accords man to 
accomplish the miracles of germination and multiplication. Oh, Festal 
Divine! 

And how beauteous is the sight at the close of day, after the setting 
of the sun, when night spreads her darkening mantle, strewn with stars. 

26 




m 



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o 



u 



u 



h 



27 




*3-«ai*«*. — «;% 



CO 



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28 



Oh ! Those stars in California, dazzling or veiled as the glances of 
cherubim ! And then on high at the zenith, the milky way spreads its 
silky folds, light and soft with the opalescent tints of mother-of-pearl. 

The silence is so deep, so sweet, the spirit of poetry seems to reign, 
and the very trees and flowers seem to dance to a rhythmic and 
harmonious cadence. 

But we are dreaming, it is not spring — 'tis the full of mid-summer, 
and the fields and pastures have changed from emerald green to golden 
yellow. 

"A period, let us pause here," our professor of philosophy would 
often say to us — he was a good man, very intelligent, 3'et simple in his 
manners. Let us pause here, and curb this imagination which threatens 
to become grandiloquent. But we would beg the reader to have patience, 
and if the writer at times seems to be somewhat enthusiastic and too 
much of an optimist, remember that beauty itself is not so much what is 
apparent to the eye, as what is contained in the soul of the one w^ho feels 
and expresses it. Every author, every artist, has his own point of view, 
the intuition which enables him to see and feel concerning such matters 
as might be witnessed continually by others and hardly considered 
worthy of their notice. 



29 



THE VALLEY IN THE SUMMER TIME. 

The condition of the roads is surprising ; they are kept in excellent 
condition under all circumstances; they are sprinkled every day, and the 
most of them are bordered with majestic shade trees, serving as a 
protection from the heat of the summer months. 

The tourist is most delightfully impressed, as the handsomest trees 
and the most luxuriant foliage greets his eye ; the elm, eucalyptus, fir, 
acacia, pepper, Japanese umbrella, walnut, palm, oak and wald cherry 
trees are seen in all directions. And what is particularly striking to an 
European is to see growing side by side with the indigenous plants, such 
exotics as palms, cacti, magnolias, bananas, and euphorbia, all growing 
as vigorously as though in the torrid zone. 

During the summer season, all women desirous of obtaining 
employment apply to the various establishments engaged in the process 
of drying and shipping fruits. A lucky coincidence enables mau}^ of the 
school children to pass their vacation in earning a few dollars, with 
which to buy clothes, books, a bicycle, or to their own detriment, perhaps 
sweets. At this season of the year the valley is most interesting, and we 
can scarcely help thinking that it is a great mistake for any one to visit 
California without witnessing the fruit picking, and the wondrous labor 
that follows it. 

It would be an impossibility to mention all the appliances, all the 
practical inventions the American mind has resorted to. It is really 
phenomenal. Here one can see thousands of persons working together, 
each one going ahead regardless of all others, without even conversing or 
eating any of the fruit. It is particularly extraordinary when one 
realizes that many of the co-workers belong to the fair sex. The}- are 
thus forced to continually exercise their resistance against temptation; 
the tortures of Tantalus, as it were. 

People in Europe can form no idea of the various kinds of machinery 
used for the dipping, drying, cutting, etc., of the fruit. Here, everybody 
comes and goes, cool and collected, concerned about nothing outside of 
self in a manner that is altogether Yankee. 

30 




Birds-eye View of Victor Cauhape's Ranch. 



31 



dDfiaipter your. 

ALUM ROCK PARK. 

The artist, or the author, who entertains the idea of presenting a 
truthful work to the public ; in whatever shape it may be, a painting, 
prose or poetry, should visit the spot he is about to portray, and become, 
as it were, fully impregnated with the very atmosphere of the surround- 
ings. 

Alum Rock, that natural, rugged and picturesque gorge, delineated 
as it appears at present, would suffice to create the most magnificent 
picture, the most beautiful poem or the most delightful of chapters. 

When viewing it from a distance, the glance is greeted by a chaos of 
summits, thickly covered with a growth of sylvan plants, all capped with 
deep blue air; clouds at times drift to and fro; or a transparent fog is 
suspended overhead like a milky gauge. 

Every stranger whose footsteps lead him into Santa Clara Valley; 
every tourist who loves the beautiful and picturesque, is enjoined to go 
and breathe the pure air, to taste of the mineral springs that flow forth 
from the mountain slopes like streaming nectars, or to plunge bodily into 
those pools of ferruginous and sanitary waters, that is: to go and enjoy 
the delights of rusticating on the grass beneath the spreading shade of 
majestic, verdant oaks, in the midst of a sumptuous nature and the 
singing of birds. 

Taking San Jose as a point of departure, no pleasure jaunt can be so 
readily accomplished, and prove as delightful. The trip can be made on 
horseback, in a carriage, on a bicycle, by rail, automobile, or on foot, by 
way of three very practicable routes. 

The principal road, a broad and beautiful thoroughfare, is a 
continuation of Santa Clara street ; it is bordered on both sides with stately 
trees, which envelope the passers-by with the shade of their boughs. For 
a distance of several miles the acclivity is very gradual, but as one attains 
the end of the promenade it becomes more irregular, more hill 3' and more 
picturesque And if you pause a moment as you enter the gorge to look 
into its mighty depths your glance is greeted by a delightful, novel, and 
one might say, grandiose view. 

You see a defile, in which waves of balmy air are engulfed, enclosed 
there by immense natural ramparts, that are formed by the mountains ; 

33 



and as 3^011 continue slowly upon your ascent the wheels of your vehicle 
graze the sides of secular rocks as you zigzag along at their base, where 
a route has been improvised that leads to the round point. 

Then the scene changes, for there the hand of man has arranged 
several cottages, a bath-house (where cold and hot baths can be taken) a 
pool of ferruginous water, a handsome aviary, lawns, games, fountains, a 
paddock with deer, that is to say, all that modern imagination can 
invent for the delight and comfort of humanity. It is also pleasant to 
journey by the other routes that traverse a magnificent plain, teeming 
with an exuberance of life and verdure. The trip by rail is particularly 
enticing, and gives rise to sensations that are altogether unusual ; it is an 
uncommon sight to see that steam engine vomiting forth its dingy smoke 
in the silence of those coves, as it drags along the three or four open cars, 
laden with pleasure-seekers. 

The road seems to have been constructed for the very convenience of 
this diminutive motor, for it undulates along its w^ay, in the midst of 
masses of shrubs and foliage that rustle gently in the breeze, as the cars 
glide swiftly by them ; and at times your head seems to twarl, as 3^ou go 
crashing over a bridge that trembles beneath its human load. 

At the station the passengers alight, and each one wends his wa}^ to 
his favorite spot. Those who are fond of compau}^ gather in groups in 
some particular place under the gnarled branches of some hoary tree to 
indulge in a rustic luncheon or a siesta in mid-air, and others follow 
the bent of their inclination, by seeking solitude and enjoying the 
pleasure of being in the vicinity of the springs or cascades. We were of 
the latter number and really experienced the deep impression of some 
inexplicable charm. It is a well-known fact that although one ma^^ 
become imbued with and feel the effects of a charm, it is an impossibility 
to give a clear and logical explanation of its power, and those who have 
never been conscious of this feeling will not be able to comprehend the 
sweet sensation, the rapturous enjoyment that prevades one in the midst 
of Nature's beauties. 

Little by little all mundane thoughts leave us, and the soul calmly 
and sweetly reigns supreme ; the air seems full of romance ; we are in the 
depths of revery, and melodious strains of music floating to our ears as 
though with suspended breath, seem to envelope us with divine harmonies. 

' Tis ecstasy^ soft and deep, 
Like the dreamland of sleep. 

That the quivering zuood imbounds; 

While each floating breeze 
From the grey bo^'ghs of the trees 
Brings a chorus of Nature's sounds. 

34 




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35 



But why should we essay to describe the charm that permeates our 
whole being like a soothing balm ? — why? Although the very attempt 
seems futile, still we will try. Imagine ^^ourself girded with the skin of a 
chamois or izard, such as the primitive shepherds wore in their artless 
simplicity, knowing naught of our modern civilization, and cognizant of 
nothing in the world beyond God and Nature. You are dreaming, for your 
thoughts are dwelling on the glories that unroll their wealth before you. 

In this enclosure, framed in, as it is, with grandiose and colossal 
heights, all impressions of modern life are dispersed, for it is Nature 
which alone presides. How strange is it to behold those immense objects 
that seem to spring from the ground! Was it a spirit of capriciousness 
that caused our mother earth to cast them forth from her bosom ? What 
mysterious and formidable power effected those evolutions? This is a 
problem beyond our ken, and many are the scientists, who have been and 
still are baffled at these overwhelming enigmas. And to think that but a 
few thousand years have sped their course since the blue waves of the 
sea covered all those summits, which to-day stand unveiling their beauties 
to the sky. 

And then the mortals came, and thinking the place pleasing to the 
sight and salubrious, they cleaved these mountains and rocks, which 
contained the springs that cure the ill, strengthen the weak, and kill all 
microbes. 

And they have constructed houses, reservoirs and fountains since the 
year 1891. Such is the origin of Alum Rock. 

But we must not drowse, dreaming behind a rock like a lizard ; one 
must see all the sights, without being able, alas, to depict them. 

Por who can describe the sound of the murmuring of cascades, the 
rustling of leaves, or the melodious strains that issue from the throats of 
the creatures that inhabit the spot, with the accompaniment of distant 
echos ? 

Would you admire the unexpected ? — follow the path that leads to 
Penitencia Creek Canyon. Would you behold marvels ? — look at the 
Pagoda and the Penitencia falls. 

In our day dreams, we have often thought how delightful it would be 
if we could but meet an artist with a soul in communion with our soul^ 
whose genius hand could paint those colors, those marvels as we see 
them ; but alas ! it is but a dream, for there is no artist who can represent 
the exact counterpart of God's sublime work — Nature ! 

But the light of day takes on deeper, darker hues, for it is the hour 
that God has chosen to bid Phoebus depart, and little by little and 

37 



reddeuiug, as if with a blush, the sun disappears behind the mountain. 
Then the moon, pleased at the departure of its proud rival, that 
eclipses it in the e^^es of man shows its immense round face, and suddenly 
as if b}^ enchantment an invisible hand illuminates the sky with dozens, 
with hundreds, with thousands, of little twinkling globes of light. 

The senses are greeted by pungent resinous odors that seem to exude 
from the soil, all mingled with the perfume of numerous alpine plants. 
It is truly entrancing, and strange to say, all human beings have retired 
within their houses, for they do not comprehend nor appreciate this 
magnificent and melancholy nocturnal scene. 

Then a silence, so sweet, so deep, so majestic, reigns over all and 
the poetic sense that always sleeps in our inner depths awakens, and this 
song floats from our heart : 

As Hwere incense sweety a delicious perfume 

Is exhaled from the paling flowers; 
And the mysterious charm of Nighf s deep gloom ^ 
Our senses overpowers. 
Then: 

Waken the songsters of Nighty to take flight, 

Noiselessly cleaving the air with their ivings; 

And the zenith is dense with sparkling rings. 
When fair Venus appears— for His Night ! 

How beauteous, how fair the sight! Oh, that we could forever enjoy 
such peace of soul ! The crickets, the bats, the frogs all join their voices 
in a universal concert, and the moon which now appears enormous, 
irradiates the heavens, while one by one the stars have paled besides its 
glaring light. Fair Luna is avenged on the Sun ! 

But it is high time that we retrace our steps, for the residents ot 
Alum Rock will soon be slumbering. Gazing from our window in the 
dim light beneath the glimmer of the stars, we can see the outlines of the 
houses stretching far out into the distance; and be3^ond in the perspective, 
the leaves of the trees tremble, stirred b}^ the zephers that are genth' 
wafted from the neighboring hills, and we even seem to hear the park 
breathing before it composes itself in sleep. 

Five o'clock ! What, five o'clock in the morning ! Is it possible ! 
How brief the night, and how glorious and promising is the morn ! 

Get up, you indolent creature. 

A flood of light suddenly obliterates the last shades of night; the 
trees and summits appear, faintly delineated on a background of gre}^ 
haze ; and the birds sing, for this is the awakening of the park. 

Have thy slumbers been restful and sweet, prett}' park? "Ha!'' 
it seems to answer "my slumbers are always restful and sweet, for am I 

38 




California ^uail. 

39 




■"V»" 



Victor Cauhape's Residence — San Jose, Cal. 

40 



not the reposeful spot of the physical and cerebral activity of nian?'^ 
Then suddenly behind the mountains, a new guest is apparent 
glorious, luminous and celestial ! Unwittingly our eyes close beneath this 
dazzling light, and when we open them again, all the creatures in the 
park have awaked from their sleep. Confused harmonies have arisen, 
vibrating and swelling into one great Hosannah ! A strange, yet 
sublime emotion seems to possess us, it is a reminiscence, a reminiscence 
of a distant land — our own beloved country, France. And our thoughts 
revert to some twenty years in the past, to our dear old home, for it also 
nestled in the depths of a creek, a little park. 

The selfsame climate, the selfsame aspect. And two great tears 
rolled slowly from beneath our closed eyelids, tears for past memories 
and happiness. 




Pedre de Saisset, 

French Vice-Consul at San Jose, who accompanied the Author of this Work 

through the Santa Clara Valley. 

This engraving is a facsimile of an original oil painting executed by Ernest de Saisset. 



41 



AROTTND THE VALLEY — THE ALAMEDA — SPOTS AND VILLAGES — SANTA 
CLARA COLLEGE — RANCHO DE LAS LLAGAS. 

It would be difficult to enjoy a more delightful and ideal excursion 
than that of speeding across the valley on a glorious summer day. How 
halmy was the air! And in all directions, beneath the radiant sun the 
-dewdrops sparked like diamonds on the leafy trees, bushes, and tufts of 
grass. It was a rural scene, for we saw trees, hedges and shrubs 
-Spreading out into the far distance. We heard the twittering of winged 
creatures and saw humming-birds darting like arrows amid the leaves 
and pausing to kiss the flowers with honeyed bills. 

It seemed as if these were the most delightful moments we had ever 
experienced in life, and a deep and sweet impression will no doubt be 
forever left in the depths of our memory. 

On high the azure sky, suspended like a ro3'al mantle over 
.mountains and plains overhung the fairy panorama. Oh, that panorama! 

Nothing has been omitted by the artistic hand of man ; and from all 
the surroundings an intangible something seemed to escape, imbuing us 
with delight. And while engrossed in admiration we could feel the 
enthusiasm within us at the sight of those trees, with branches 
bending under their burden of fruit. And we seemed to see the ver}- 
flowers and fruits blooming and ripening before our e3^es, as if they were 
expanding with the heat of the sun. 

We forgot all worldly cares, and the soul seemed to commingle, as it 
were, with the radiance of the starry clematis, the heavenl}' gloi"}^ of the 
delphiniums ; the royal purplish tints of the foxgloves, with the mA^stic 
heraldry of the iris, the camelias, cornflowers and magnolias, with the 
purity of lilies, daises and geraniums, the majest}' of roses and the sweet 
perfume of oleanders, and we even imagined we saw some of the flowers, 
such as the convolvuli opening and closing their corollas. 

Ah ! That we could prattle in the blessed language of flowers ! 

Further on the ruder fragrance of sage, fennel, rosemarj^ 
jnignonnette and other plants too numerous to mention was wafted to us. 

But we were obliged to waken from this sweet dream of flowers that 

42 



\ -, 









1^41^ 




The Old Parchment Sacred Hymn Book— Father R. E. Kenna, S. [., President Santa Clara College. 

44 



liad come to us at dawn of day, and we hastened along Santa Clara 
street, driving through the Alameda, a broad road, graced on both sides 
with handsome houses and rows of shade trees. A pretty tale is told 
relating to this avenue ; it seems that in the early days its center was 
marked by a row of immense willow trees that had been planted by the 
Mission Fathers, and connected by massive chains for the purpose of 
keeping the cattle within bounds. These trees, it is said, shaded the 
Toad like an arbor in some places, and gave it the appearance of a park, 
making it the favorite driveway of the inhabitants of that period. 
Strange to say, a total disregard for the legend must have prevailed, 
because some years ago their destruction was accomplished owing to 
certain enthusiasts, who were imbued with the spirit of progress and a 
desire to construct an electric road along the very line, where the trees 
had flourished for over one hundred years. And thus it was that the 
growth of a century was laid waste in a few short days. 
This avenue leads directly to Santa Clara, a pretty and reposeful village 
of heroic memory, of which poetical and melancholy legends are related 
pertaining to the founding of the Mission. The original Church is still 
in perfect conditicm, and adjoining it is the well-known Santa Clara 
College, an institution of learning, conducted by the Jesuit Fathers, of 
which the following is a description : 

SANTA CLARA COLLEGE. 

(Translated from the French by the Fathers of the College.) 

The narrow space at our disposal will not permit us to dwell at great 
length on this Institution, of which our engravings present a bird's-eye 
view. . As the result of our repeated visits to the College, there has 
sprung an Educational Philosophy that the reader will find at the end 
of these pages 

But, at the outset, we should cast a retrospective glance at an 
Institution which, in its way, is almost an ideal. In 1777, the Mission 
of Santa Clara, represented in our engravings, planted its Cross ; and 
that Cross is to this ver}^ day rising on high as a beacon light, which has 
illumined and guided the first advances of civilization in this far-off 
land. But on account of the invading hosts of new generations, the 
hol}^ work that cared for souls alone, had to devote itself to education as 
well. But who would be the chosen instruments to make the desired 
change, while the original work of the Saintly founders was continued, 
except the most approved ecclesiastical teaching body — the Society of 
Jesus ? 

45 



Worth}^ successors of the Franciscans, the Jesuits bravely undertook 
the enterprise on the 19th of March 1851, with Father Nobili at their 
head. Under his enlightened leadership, the Fathers quickly established 
an excellent s^^stem of education, that of a complete amalgamation of 
moral science with the practical sciences in their most elevated and 
broad sense. And why, in very truth, should not moral science take 
the precedence of the other sciences ? For it is moral science which 
shows the existence of duty and establishes it on the very constitution 
of our intelligence and reason, and on the nature of Society? Why> 
daily experience vouches for the fact that without the basis of a moral 
education to rest on, even the finest intellects soon fall into a degrading 
materialism which stultifies and makes them unhappy. 

But to keep these reflections for a later hour and continue on our 
modest description; hardly had four years elapsed since the arrival of the 
Jesuit Fathers at Santa Clara, than they saw their effort crowned by the 
State bestowing on the College the title and the privileges of a University. 
But what is meant by a University ? A place where the universality 
and unity of learning is taught in the highest and widest conception 
accessible to human intelligence. To this epoch, we have to trace the 
beginning of all the necessary but brilliant changes that the College has 
undergone. 

At the date of this writing, the establishment, as seen from the road 
to Santa Clara, is superb with harmony and comeliness ; it looms up in 
the middle of a grand valley of verdure enclosed by distant mountains. 
The College grounds cover ten acres of flat surface which the sun floods 
from morning to night with its brilliant ra3^s. The buildings front on a 
magnificient lawn laid out parterre-like, whence majestic tropical plants 
and palms raise, as by enchantment, their glorious heads heavenward and 
look toward the Mission Cross on which we read: — ''He that shall 
persevere to the end, shall be saved." 

The steepled Mission Church stands opposite the venerable Cross 
and is an oblong of goodly dimensions, which, viewed from a distance, 
seems to be the central building. At the left lies a quadrangle of 
constructions with converging axis, composed of seven buildings, each of 
which is devoted to some special study. From the windows of each one 
of these (buildings,) the eye rests on a rich and beautiful garden. At the 
right stretches a vast court-yard for recreation, dominated by the Natural 
Science building, where are taught Ph^^sics, Chemistry, Philosophy, 
Mathematics, Geology, Anthropology, &c. 

But let us leave the yard and the garden and betake ourselves to the 
Librar}^ where you will find some 17,000 volumes. Retracing our steps 

46 




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47 




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Exterior and Interior of the Church — Santa Clara College. 




Interior Views of Santa Clara College. 



from the Library and stopping a while on the platform at the entrance, 
we looked to the South and saw the olive, the tomato, the egg-plant, the 
grape-vine and the fig-tree laden with luscious fruit. But even here, 
Horace's dictum — ^'omne hilit punctum qui miscuit utile dulci" — has not 
been overlooked ; for as we wend our way to one side of the garden, we 
are ushered into the Conservatory — the floral gems of which inebriate the 
senses. 

The trained observer, with his habit of taking quick notice of every 
particularity, finds himself delightfully recreated, when, amid the lawless 
productions of materialism, he is fortunate enough to meet a work that 
rests on a basis other than Scepticism and Atheism. 

After the so-called overthrow of religious faith our Century would 
trust in Science ; but by Science it meant principally the Materialistic 
Sciences of nature, as nowadays taught in the Universities, with the 
proud pretension that they touch the very heights of intellectual culture. 
In the United States, these Universities are veritable palaces, rivaling 
with each other in splendor, comfort and even luxury, and affording every 
facility for practical studies. To the superficial observer, at least, of 
these complex organisms, it would seem that the youthful brain which 
comes forth from there, has nothing more to learn, nothing more to 
desire. But alas ! what an error is this and how much is to be allowed 
for these high pretensions ? If you doubt it, you have but to examine 
some of their best students to ascertain that the education they have 
received is quite shallow. No doubt some of these fine youths are 
endowed with splendid memories and will be able to rehearse before 
you some of the lessons they have conned. But, if a few years after they 
have left the University, you examine them again, you will not fail to be 
astounded at their want of mental discipline and their ignorance of both 
speculative and moral philosophy. 

The tendency of Universities is to teach everything with a view 
to practice; to show a young man how to act, how to play the best 
game, how to make money ; the learning they impart barely rises to the 
idea of Art, because they omit the teaching of that which alone can elevate 
to that height, — we mean the science of morality and of unselfishness. 
The pupil of the public schools and of the Universities lies literally 
buried, during his educational term, under the crushing weight of the 
multitudinous studies he is obliged to get through. The load of new 
ideas and an everchanging pedagogy must surely fatigue and burden his 
brain. Our University student must, during the period of a few hours 
per day, swallow all the sciences ; an egregious folly this, in view of the 

51 



fact that his brain is too weak to stand such an avalanche of things new 
and to him incomprehensible. 

Now, under such a system, what is the fate of the child? Well, he 
is a thing nipped in the bud, a nonentity, incapable of self-motion in the 
domain of any profession where he would otherwise have shone to 
advantage. 

True, there is no country in the world (let us pay this homage to 
the United States), where the people are more instructed and more 
enlightened. But if it is a question of true savants, scientists, erudite 
men who throw a halo of glory on the world by their unselfish exploits, 
there is no civilized country comparatively speaking, so sterile as the 
United States. In literature, in the theatre, in poetry, plagiarism 
prevails with an unheard of sansgene. And if we may draw inspiration 
from a sentence of Goethe — that the deepest or rather the unique theme 
of the world's history, the one to which all the rest are subordinate, is 
the confl.ict between belief and unbelief — we would observe that those 
epochs where a belief prevails, whatever otherwise ma}- be its form, 
constitute the salient epochs of history, full as they are of memories that 
make the heart throb and of substantial gains for all times present and 
future. 

Contrariwise, those epochs where unbelief, it matters not under what 
form, achieves its disastrous victories, even when the}^ bring, as in the 
United States, a semblance of well-being and success, dwindle finalU^ 
into insignificance. There is no getting out of this ; for societies as well 
as for individuals, there is need of a moral support, an intellectual 
aspiration, an ideal which sustains and directs life amid distracting cares 
and the dryness of scientific studies ; and without this an entire people 
soon fall back under the rule of those inferior laws that presided over its 
birth — the struggle for existence. 

Alas ! here is the language the Universities hold to us : — ''Cui 
bono teach Moral Philosoph}^ ? Why, it will raise spontaneousl}^ and 
shape itself out of the stud}^ of the particular sciences ; present as it 
is everywhere, it need not be studied in itself." 

We must avow in all humilit}' that we cannot see the validit}' of this 
reasoning, no, not even for the future of actual society ; for this society is 
strongly addicted to the worship of a pagan idol — the golden calf — and 
there is no remed}^ for that dread disease which exhausts and kills it, 
except in moral Philosophy as taught in private establishments. 

Briefly, since this country has gone so far ahead of other peoples in 
the work of renovation, it should at least seek to outstrip them also in 

52 





Views of the Grounds of Santa Clara College. 




Views of Santa Cla:a College. 

54 



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-~i v> 





Scientific Department Santa Clara College — For Descriptive Notes see End of Book. 

55 




Scientific Department Santa Clara College — for Descriptive Notes see End of Book. 

56 



the more urgent business of Philosophical Morality ; for it is a plain fact 
that mankind cannot afford to be playing a purely losing game that will 
only enlarge the measure of its unhappiness. 

A nation is truly great when it strives for universal happiness, not 
only for its own, but for that of all others. 

The Universities and the public schools of the United States are 
traveling on the road of which Parmenides said : — "At the end of it are 
the gates of day and night, the side of Error and the side of Truth." On 
the choice they will make hangs the future of this great country. 

As for ourselves, the side of Truth and Happiness is the one where 
Science goes hand in hand with Moral Philosophy ; any other way is but 
a blind alley whereon you can advance for some time, indeed, but with 
the certainty that you will have to retrace your steps to the open road. 

Let us be grateful to the Fathers of the Society of Jesus that by 
steadily keeping on the right road, they thus mark their passage on 
earth as men of sterling virtue. 

Leaving the College we drove in a westerly direction until we neared 
Los Gatos, a picturesque hamlet glittering in the sunshine midst the 
fields and hills. Glimpses of pretty cottages and orange groves met our 
glance, as we moved on rapidly in the direction of Saratoga, the most 
rural and probably the most pleasing village in the valley ; enclosed as it 
is by mountains, it is a marvelous nest implanted in the midst of 
magnificent orchards, and is renowned for its healthsome springs called 
"Pacific Congress Springs." Here we rested our horse and while breathing 
Nature's most delicious air, wished we could (with the aid of God) induce 
the feeble to come to this place to renew their strength, and their life. 

Wending our way at hap-hazard along broad and magnificent roads, 
after one hour we suddenly noticed a railroad track, and following it, 
found that it led to Gilroy, the most important borough in the valley. 
The little town is surrounded by scenery of the most beautiful and 
luxuriant type. Gardens, orchards and meadows appear and disappear 
before the astonished eyes of the visitor. There are some well-conducted 
dairys in the neighborhood, and a perfect system of irrigation belonging 
to the township. 

We then retraced our way, passed Rucker Station and stopped at San 
Martin to admire the exquisite perspective produced by Morgan Hill. 
San Martin is laid out at the foot of a mountain in a magnificent 
amphitheater ; it is one of the prettiest villages in the valley and seems to 
be lending a hand, as it were, to one of its offshoots, Morgan Hill, 
which has been in existence but a few years. 

57 



We continued our journey to visit the property of Mr. Leopold Lion. 
Along the country road, the view presented to one's sight is that of an 
immense oval expanse of land. No scenery can be more picturesque 
than this extent of country, seemingly framed with mountains. 

What a sight it was to behold all those old oaks and majestic 
sycamores. One's eyes actually glisten with pleasure while surveying 
that rural picture formed of pastures, grain fields and orchards, all 
teeming with a vegetation that seems to expand beneath the sun's golden 
rays. 

We sped along a well constructed road, undulating to the right, 
which is sprinkled every day, and it was not long before the southeastern 
section of the San Francisco de Las Llagas Rancho was reached. It is a 
vast stretch of land, hilly in portions and triangular in shape. A chain 
of hills from 300 to 400 feet in height, divides the propert}' into 
two portions. The surface of these hills is level and easy to mount on 
account of the gentle acclivity of the land. A thick layer of virgin 
soil, excellent for cultivation, facilitates the production of all kinds 
of fruits and cereals, and would be particularly adapted for the grow- 
ing of grape-vines. On each side of this chain of hills, the land 
inclines in a succession of plateaus ; a formation tending greatl}- to 
facilitate the flow of water. 

The first of these plateaus, having a circumference of about three 
miles, is planted in barley, alfalfa and corn, and at its base, a magnificent 
terrace stretches out, darkened by the luxuriantly spreading branches of 
the fruit trees. 

The Llagas Creek, which is the branch of a river, and the source 
of several springs, flows along the northern part and in the rainy 
season is deep and full of flowing water. Owing to this advantage 
a magnificent system of irrigation has been devised, b}' means of which 
the water is conducted through metal pipes in all directions of the plateau 
exceeding a distance of two miles. 

Our engravings can give but a faint idea of this immense piece 
of property, for it is the largest extent of land in this section of the 
country; and only ten years ago, it was but a vast uncultivated field, 
covered with a growth of wild plants, brush, oaks and sycamores. 

It would require a visit of several da3^s in order to enable one to 
form a perfect idea of the entire place ; for instance, it takes several hours 
to go through the orchard, which contains some 330 acres of land, all 
planted with the choicest varieties of fruit trees. It is impossible to 
describe the effect produced at the sight of those 30,000 trees, with 
branches laden with fruit, bending nearly to the ground ; and while 

58 



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Leopold Lion. 
Owner of Las Llagas Ranch near Gllrov, Santa Cla'-a County. 



60 




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brushing against them, one is constantly tempted to stretch forth his 
hand, and pluck here, a savory peach; there, a golden juicy apricot or 
one of those sweet refreshing prunes. These surroundings are a delight 
for the senses of sight, smell and taste. 

The greater part of the ranch (consisting of 5,582,550 acres) was 
sown in barley, and at the present time the glorious expanse of ripening 
bearded heads appears to the eye like a carpet of silver and gold. The 
crops this year have been most gratifying as a result of the efforts made 
by the intelligent men at the head of this great enterprise ; and as this is 
but the beginning, it seems to prophesy a splendid and profitable future. 
The soil is new and rich ; there is an abundance of water, and the greater 
part of the essential improvements have already been completed. 
The visitor is filled with admiration for those who can conceive and 
accomplish such additions of beauty to the land that supports and can 
but bless them. 

On the way to Madrone, the mountains in the distance looked like 
clouds, and the valley extending at our feet resembled a vast field that 
had just been harvested. It was about five o'clock in the afternoon, when 
driving down the road, dusty white in color, we arrived at Coyote, a 
railroad station about twelve miles from San Jose, our present location, 
to which we were hurrying, regretting that we were compelled to postpone 
our visit to the Great Laguna Seca, a lake that supplies the water for 
irrigating the entire surrounding country. 

We passed another station in the midst of a fertile plain, adjacent 
to some magnificent orchards in the vicinity of the Hayes Chynowith 
residence. Some one told us, it is called "Eden Vale" and truly its 
appearance was that of a veritable Eden. 

Directly south of San Jose we drove by Hillsdale, and as we were 
still in the country, the view was always pleasing, for it is a pleasure to 
see so much vegetation, and such gigantic oaks. 

We met women and girls, returning from their day's labor among 
the fruit; three of them, wending along their way came directly towards 
us. "Ah," exclaimed our cicerone, ''the three graces !" Charming and 
graceful creatures they were, and as they passed us their smiles revealed 
a double row of pearls, white and glistening beneath the contrast of lips, 
red as a berry. They were pretty maids, and they were fully aware of 
the fact. We could see that as they turned about to glance at us. Adios, 
"the three graces" soon melted into the distance. 

A tall mast crowned with its electric light indicated that we had 
arrived at San Jose. We dismounted. It was the dinner hour — good-bye 
till the morrow. 

63 



LAWRENCE STATION — MOUNTAIN VIEW — MAYFIELD — A LITTLE COTTAGE 

— PALO ALTO — LELAND STANFORD UNIVERSITY — 

THE CITY OF COLLEGES. 

This charming country with its exuberant nature and delicious 
climate gives birth to an enchantment that cannot be defined ; and what 
is enchantment but an impression ; attempt to anal3'ze and it escapes 
you, and still there is a joy, a delight, a pleasure that seems to possess 
one, — for the mornings in the Santa Clara Valle^^ are enchanting. We 
will not enter into particulars, for who can explain the power, the secret 
predominance of Nature, or expound the cause of its great and alluring 
attractions. 

In San Jose Nature prolongs the pleasure of rusticating, and adds to 
the success of this marvelous land, and thpse who chant its praises and 
would fain glorify it, are in the highest degree, the benefactors of this 
great country — America. 

The following morning we started off towards the northeast and 
found it to be the road leading to San Francisco. After a delightful ride 
of seven miles, we drove up joyfull}^ to Lawrence Station, where there 
was really nothing worthy of remark, unless we mention the Public 
School building and two churches. We next passed JMurphy's Station, 
(the abode of the Murphy famil3^, one of the oldest and best-known of the 
pioneer settlers). In this section of the vallc}- the landscape seems to be 
undergoing the process of transformation, owing to the division of some 
large tracts of land that were sold at auction in lots of various sizes. 
Houses are springing up, orchards growing as if b}' chance; and though 
the roads are rather dusty at the present time, it is to be hoped it will not 
be long before they will be in as fine a condition as the}' are in other 
portions of the valle3^ Several Frenchmen reside in this section, 
contributing their share to the prosperit}' of that fruitful neighborhood. 

Our vehicle, moving to the pace of a gentle trot, turned towards 
Mountain View in whirlwinds of dust. This village is situated eleven 
miles from San Jose and about four miles from the western range of 
mountains. It is one of the oldest settlements in the vallev and beincr 

64 





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within what is called the thermal belt, is a particularly favorable location 
for the cultivation of grapes. Mountain View is a reminiscence of the 
days of old, when it served as a station for those who were traveling 
from San Jose to San Francisco in the stage-coach of that period. Since 
the construction of the railroad in 1862, the town has prospered to a 
remarkable degree ; and it now glories in the publication of a newspaper 
and a public library, which possessions give the little town quite the 
aspect of a city. 

Notwithstanding the pleasure experienced, we could not to our 
regret, prolong our visit in this charming region, but were obliged to 
hasten away to another city, which in appearance and situation proved to 
be just as interesting. 

Mayfield, (the well named), is but a few miles from the Stanford 
University. It is a bewitching country town, and the houses seem to be 




The Euillades' Little Home — French Orchardist near Murphy's Station 

particularly attractive, encompassed as they are with verdure and flowers. 
To cater to the needs of San Francisco and Stanford University, a waste 
of land to the south of the city has been transformed by the horticulturists 
and gardeners into a splendid and picturesque landscape, where straw- 
berries, raspberries, currants and all the different kinds of fruits and 
vegetables, grow in profusion, presenting an appetizing attraction to all 
the passers-by. 

We stopped in front of a prett}^ little cottage. ''How do you do ?" 
^'Come in," warbled a dove of a maiden some fifteen summers in age. 
Our cicerone, who has lived in this world seventy-five years, seemed 
bewildered — such is the power of contrast — "Come in." We scrutinized 
that California bud, who was lovel}^, lovely as her roses. 

The English expression "Come in" seems to be more hospitable, and 
friendly than our form of invitation. "Come in, gentlemen" is delicious. 

67 



After one has frequented the largest cities in the world, where 
human beings are clustered together in close quarters, where they are 
niart3^red by hot and cold seasons, how delightful and surprising it was 
to note this difference ; this wide expanse of light and air. What a 
pleasure to be able to enjoy once again, the beauty, the poesy, the 
luxuriance of Nature. And as the thought of John Keat's sweet words, 
"A thing of beauty is a joy forever!" came to our minds, we sped off 
again, this time towards Palo Alto, the far-famed spot of Santa Clara 
Valley. This village at times gay, romantic, or rough in appearance, is 
pictured in our mind in the shape of a lad, born and bred in the 
mountains ; full of life, intelligent and studious ; he is patronized by men 
of power who develop within him the physical and practical education 
essential to an American. And influenced b}^ the march of "Public 
Improvement," the lad has grown, improved and prospered. 

Some of the houses look like little palaces and one, the residence of 
Mrs. Jane Stanford, stands pre-eminent among them. Whoever goes to 
Palo Alto visits the seat of learning, the palace of science, the glor}^ of 
California — Stanford University. 

Can there be one of you, my dear readers, who has not heard of this 
immense, this magnificent institution ? This remarkable City of Colleges^ 
which was presented to the public by Leland Stanford, extends along the 
line of the Southern Pacific Railroad between Mayfield and Menlo Park 
on a plateau of 7,200 acres. It is surrounded by orchards and gardens 
filled with trees and plants of the choicest varieties. 

No other country in the world can boast of such an institution, such 
a gift, emanating from the generosit}^ of one man. 

The grandeur and harmony of contour is not visible at a distance,, 
but upon approaching and entering, one is struck with amazement. The 
architects have adhered to the original plan; a group of buildings forming 
a quadrangle 586 feet long b}^ 246 feet wide. The central court with 
cement floor is embellished with rare flowers and tropical plants ; but as 
it would require the volume of a Sunda}^ newspaper to give a full 
description of this University which is growing daih^ ; we will but say 
what is already known, that the Leland Stanford, Jr. University is 
without a rival, from a salubrious as well as an artistic point of view. 



68 




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70 



Chapter S^uen. 

BERRYESSA — MILPITAS — ALVISO, THE LITTLE PORT — ASYLUM FOR INSANE 

— A COUNTRY PALACE, MRS. WINCHESTER'S RESIDENCE — 

THE COUNTY HOSPITAL — ALMS HOUSE. 

But there is no day so lovely that it has not its morrow, and our next 
excursion was in the direction of Milpitas. We passed Berryessa, a little 
hamlet about four miles northeast of San Jose enveloped in clouds of 
luminous dust, and it was only with dif&culty that the eyes could 
penetrate into the distance. 

The glance glides inquisitively over these morning vistas, and fancy 
sees all kinds of pictures in the floating clouds. 

We had taken a by-road that joins the beautiful highway leading to 
Milpitas, (the town of a thousand lots). We had heard wondrous tales 
of the place; of a museum, a cathedral, of ancient ruins that were to be 
seen there ; but upon our arrival it did not take us long to perceive that 
the only antiquity in the neighborhood was a dilapitated looking ware- 
house, used for the storing of grain. The whole settlement consists of 
some houses, a railroad station, drug store, blacksmith shop and the 
inevitable saloon. 

Having satisfied our curiosity, and appreciating the California joke, 
we turned. at the corner and followed a somewhat primitive road that 
conducted us to the little port of Alviso. This harbor is about three 
miles from the Bay of San Francisco, and is the shipping point of all the 
fruits, flowers and vegetables raised in the vicinity. It happens to be the 
very center of the cultivation of asparagus and strawberries ; there are 
also some oyster beds in the neighborhood, from which some of the 
bivalves are obtained, that suppl}^ the markets of the surrounding country. 

There is a pretty view on a clear day afar off over the bay all dotted 
with snow-white sails. 

We were told that vast improvements are in contemplation which 
will certainly ensure a most brilliant future for the present quaint little 
port. 

A short distance from Alviso, about five miles north of San Jose, 
and near Agnews Station, there is an asylum for the insane. As we 

71 



neared the place we could not help being impressed by a feeling of sorrow. 
The word insane seems even more expressive and melancholy in the 
English language than its equivalent in French — a fact which is 
inexplicable — there is something vague in its sound, reminding one of 
the mental tortures, the errant ideas of the unfortunate persons so afflicted. 

Unhappy mortals ! What depths of sorrow in their thoughts ! 
What misery m their language and in their weakened condition. 
Accursed is the decree that fills the world with aberrations ; for every 
human being has a grain of folly within him. It is the eternal law ! 
• All these wars, this slaughter of fellow-beings, this egotism, this 
corruption, can only exude from brains that are disordered. But the 
expiation is always terrible! 

The style of architecture of the principal buildings is severe, but 
elegant. The imposing facade of the structure overlooks a beautiful 
park, and the interior appears to be remarkably comfortable and can 
accomodate about 1,025 patients. But we will abandon this sorrowful 
topic, for the weaknesses of humanity are not matters of publicity ; 
especially when there is but little hope for help or remedy. 

We continued our way down the valley road, and passed all kinds of 
country houses most beautifully entwined and shaded with leafy foliage, 
and the sight of all those pretty gardens, decked out with flowers, 
somewhat enlivened us. 

We saw masses of haughty sunflowers, yellow as gold, quantities of 
dahlias dyed with richest colors, clusters of asters looking sweet and 
restful, fuchias, tulips, marigolds, balsams, all growing in wild profusion. 
Oh ! How beauteous the remembrance of the colors, the dazzling light, the 
zephyrs wafted to us. But it cannot be possible that all those objects of 
beauty, met with at every step, are cultivated simpl}^ for pleasure or the 
love of the poetical. Oh, no ! Poetry is one thing, but monc}- 

We were aroused from our reflections as we stiddenl}' drove in front 
of one of the finest pieces of real estate in the valley, and were informed 
that it was the property of a lad}^ who resides there. A lady ? How 
delightful ! Is she amiable, intellectual, accomplished, handsome ? The 
passage leading to this princely habitation is bordered on both sides with 
a luxuriance of flowers and through a vista of trees and climbing vines, a 
glimpse is obtained of the villa. The surrounding park is beautiful 
the useful being added to the ornamental in the shape of a fiuel}- 
cultivated orchard. 

We next visited the Count}' Hospital, a charitable institution, 
managed at the expense of the public fund. The establishment can easih' 

72 




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accommodate i8o inmates, but at present harbors but 130 patients, who 
are visited every day by a medical practitioner from San Jose. The 
operating room is similar to this apartment in other institutions of like 
character, and we were told that a number of successful operations have 
been performed. 

There is a ranch adjoining and in connection with the hospital, 
which supplies this and another charitable establishment, (the Alms 
House) with fruits, vegetables, eggs, butter, and a sum of money that is 
added to the funds by the sale of the superfluous products. 




El Lasso. 



75 



Chapter 3EigIit* 

THE CLIMATE OF SANTA CLARA VALLEY — HOMES AND SPOTS 

Notwithstanding the lack of space, we cannot think of reverting to 
other subjects, without commenting on the marvelous climate of Santa 
Clara Valley, for in no spot in the world has Nature been more lavish of 
her gifts. The heat is never oppressive nor the cold severe; there is 
never too much moisture, while thunder storms and, above all, C3^clones 
are altogether unknown here. 

The bright blue sky and the clear atmosphere reminds one of ]\Ionte 
Carlo or Nice during spring time ; however, the California winter is not 
so long, while the summer and autumn months are more agreeable. 

Towards the end of September, the direction of the wind changes 
constantly, and owing to this the delights of three seasons can be enjoyed 
in a single day. These sudden changes in the temperature generalh- 
result in a downfall of rain. It is manna fallen from Heaven on the 
valley below. Then it is not long before the plains are covered with a 
carpet of verdure, and the mountains all decked in robes of green. The 
very flowers seem to rejoice, for the violets, heliotrope, h3'acinths, and 
jasmine are all in blossom, and exhale their sweet perfume to the 
passer-by. 

And when November comes and the southeast wind announces the 
approach of winter or the rainy season, the clouds thicken and pass 
rapidly over the mountain peaks, changing from a leaden gre}- in color 
to a smoky black. The atmosphere becomes dense and for the first time 
in this land a feeling of depression seems to overcome one. 

At any moment the clouds open, as it were, and torrents of rain 
drench the soil below. A grey mist hangs over the mountains, and 
looming out of the darkening shadows the tall peaks stand like spectres. 

The rivers flowing like torrents, the streamlets frothing and gliding 
like enormous serpents gre}^ and mudd}-, go rushing precipitously, 
impetuously through the vallc}^ to the Ba}- of San Francisco. 

And when the storm is lulled, humanit}^, the animals, the trees and 
flowers all seem to rejoice ; and all that was quivering and fearful become 
in a few moments quiet and calm. 

The animals move from their dens, the birds fly from their nests, 

76 







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and man comes forth from his house to contemplate the result of the 
water-spout that descended from Heaven. It is seldom though that the 
results are disastrous for the water disappears rapidly ; the earth being so 
thirsty. Suddenly the atmosphere becomes clear as on a summer day, 
the sky as blue as of old, and the sun appears radiant, gorgeous and 
sublime. 

And then when night approaches a mantle as of gauze, all dark, 
hangs over the mountain tops, the air in the gorges becomes dense and 
more visible and by degrees a veil seems to descend enclosing air and 
light, rendering them more palpable. A golden tissue still seems to 
envelope the mountain ridge, till at last the hills begin to darken, lose 
their outlines and melt away ; for the veil of night has fallen, enveloping 
all and encompassing the valley. 

All sleep, deep silence reigns. How sweet the dreams must be of 
this fair vale of Santa Clara, Here in summer as in winter, there is no 
heat prostration, no epidemic, no troublesome insects. It seems to the 
inhabitants cool and comfortable in comparison to the accounts of 
excessive humidity which makes so many victims during the summer in 
the other parts of the United States. 

During the warm months, the evenings are cool and exceedingly 
refreshing after the heat of the day. The nights are fine and clear, the 
heavens glitter with stars from one end of the firmament to the other, 
and after once having enjoyed such nights, there is but one pleasure that 
remains, and that is to enjoy them again and forever. 




Old San Jose. 



79 



part 11. 



of titc 

anatniual of llo$^$ 

licld itt 3(ionor of thft 19isit of 

^resilient MclCinlcg 

Santa CDIara fiDountg 
CaL 

tsnt 



Part %%. 



HOW THE PEOPLE OF SANTA CLARA COUNTY RECEIVED THE 
PRESIDENT — MAY I3-14-15, 190I. 




The Souvenir presented to the President at the Oakland pier just 
before he started for Washington, May 25, 1901, at 10:30 A. M. The 
handsome redwood box, in which the album was enclosed, was made of 
birdVeye redwood, highly polished and carved. The box was turned out 
by the Santa Clara Mill and Lumber Co., who very generously donated 
the work to the Executive Committee of the Carnival of Roses. 

This handsome souvenir was bound in French calf by A. F. Brosius 

of San Jose, 

83 



The presentation was made by Amaury Mars, who was delegated by 
Mayor C. J. Martin, President of the Carnival of Roses, to present it in 
behalf of the Executive Committee. 

Mr. President : In the name of the people of San Jose and Santa Clara County 
and of the Bxecutive Committee of the Carnival of Roses, I have the honor to 
present to you this souvenir of the Carnival of Roses, held in your honor. The 
box containing the souvenir is made of redwood grown in our county. I hope you 
will enjoy the photographs contained in this souvenir. 

The President replied as follows : 

Mr. Mars : I am very much pleased, indeed, to receive this beautiful present. 
This box is really a handsome piece of work. I will enjoy the photographs on my 
homeward trip. Present my best regards to the Mayor of San Jose, to the Executive 
Committee, to the people of Santa Clara County, who received me royally, and 
remember me also to Mrs. Martin, and tell her I will not forget the beautiful 
souvenir that she sent to Mrs. McKinley. 

The souvenir album given to Mrs. McKinley by ]\Irs. C J. Martin 
was unique and beautiful, the covers being made of the vertebrae of a 
whale in mosaic, lined with light blue silk. The album was filled with 
fine photographs of California scenery ; the frontispiece was hand-painted 
California poppies and baby blue-eyes. The whole was enclosed in a fine 
morocco case on which was printed in gold lettering the following : 
" Presented by Mrs. C. J. Martin to Mrs William iMcKinle\', in honor of 
her visit to San Jose, May 13, A. D. 1901." 



84 




William McKinley, President of the United States. 



85 




Mrs. William McKinley. 



86 




Miss Maude Lillian Campbell of San Jose, who recited the 
following Poem to the President. 



87 



Ci5rejettn0 to the ^re^tbent* 



<KoUe9c of ^otre ISame 
San 3osc, ^ay, 1901. 



Hark! like a burst of gladness 
From silvery trumpets blown : 

''The Ruler of the Nation 
Is coming to his own : 

"The wearing cares and duties 

Of State he casts away, 
To give his far-off children, 

At least, one brief, bright day." 

How flashed that blissful message 
Along the trembling wires, 

What thrills of filial gladness, 
What glow of patriot fires, — 

What fervor of emotion 

Stirred every heart that day, 

Of all the sons and daughters 
Of loyal San Jose ! 

He comes, the Nation's Ruler, 
The heart of East and West, 

Well may his happy children 
"Rise up and call him blest." 

He comes, the Chief, the Father, 
What welcomes on him wait, 

Whose hand has opened to us 
The Orient's Golden Gate ! 

He comes to our fair Valley, 
Beneath the vesper star, 

Beneath the glorious banner 
That he has sped so far, — 



To realms of tropic beauty, 
To isles of Eden bloom : — 

But hark ! the cheers of thousands, 
The cannon's echoing boom ! 

He comes, the long expected, 
The loved and honored guest 

With her, his gentle consort. 
The blessing and the blest I 

He comes, our flower-starred Valley 

Is radiant with the May, 
And loving hearts are thronging 

Exultant round his way. 

He comes ! Nay, he is with us. 
And all our souls o'erflow 

With brightness, as our hillsides 
With golden fields aglow. 

But standing in the presence 

Of him into whose hand 
The God of Might has given 

The guidance of our land, — 

The loftiest earthly honor 

Columbia's sons may reach, — 

The homage of our silence 
Seems fitter far than speech. 

Hence have our County's daughters 
Yon wealth of blossoms brought, 

Each flower a patriot poem. 
Each leaf a loyal thought ; 



That flowers and leaves may utter 
With myriad lips, today. 

The wishes and the w^elcomes 
Of the hearts of San Jose ! 



S. A. R. 



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Presentation to the President of the Mammoth Bouquet Containing Contributions from 2,000 Ladies of Santa 

Clara Valley — by Mrs. E. O. Smith. 




PRESIDENT McKINLEY RECEIVING THE BOUQUET. 

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Recitation of Poem by Miss Maude Campbell of Notre Dame College, San Jose. 



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THE CITY — THE PUBLIC BUILDINGS — HOMES IN SAN JOSE — ST. JAMES 

PARK — THE ELECTRIC TOWER — ST. JOSEPH'S CHURCH — 

THE MARKET — NOTRE DAME COLLEGE. 

San Jose (Saint Joseph) pronounced " San Hosay," first known by 
the name of '^Pueblo de San Jose de Gnadaloupe," is supremely enthroned 
in the midst of a marvelous carpet; green, velvety and strewn with 
flowers, which seem to refresh and enfold it, as if it were a caress. 

It seems to be enclosed on all sides by mountains, rustic and 
grandiose to the sight, but at the extreme north there is an opening, and 
there the Bay of San Francisco gleams in the sunlight like an escutcheon 
of antique silver. 

When seen from a bird's-eye point of view, the City spreads out in a 
rectangle of plane surface, covering an area of about fifteen miles, and it 
has the appearance of being intersected into four portions by an immense 
cross that is formed by the two principal streets — Santa Clara and First. 
Each portion is divided by the other parallel streets into a number of 
squares the general aspect of which impresses the mind as though the 
scene was that of a series of chess-boards, all mounted, with their pieces 
scattered about at the hazard of the game ; the houses and cottages are 
the figures; the public buildings are the more important pieces, the 
churches represent the queens, and the electric masts (that illuminate the 
City) stand as though commanding like kings. 

The geographical position of the City is 37° 20' 50" north latitude 
and 122° 51' 55' west longitude. It is situated on the bank of 
the Guadaloupe river, eight miles from the Bay of San Francisco. The 
principal line of the aforesaid cross, extends from east. to west, that is, in 
nearly a straight direction from Alum Rock to Santa Clara, covering a 
distance of about eleven miles ; the transversal line stretches from north 
to south, from the Alviso to the Monterey road ; these two streets are long 
and broad, the roads paved with asphaltum, the sidewalks with cement. 

147 



The greater part of both, streets is laid out with a double track for the use 
of the well-equipped electric cars. 

The business portion of the town is at the very center of the cross, 
and near this point the finest buildings in the City have been erected; 
one surpassing the other in elegance and comfort. The architects, 
competing with their fellow architects of other cities, have exerted their 
powers of imagination and evolved the modern style, often from the old 
rendering it suitable to the climate, the site, and the needs of the 
construction. 

Most of these buildings are constructed of appropriate materials, 
such as bricks and stone obtained from the quarries in the vicinity ; the 
columns of iron or metal fitting into the masonry support the upper 
portion of the edifices, which vary from three to four stories in height. 
The facades of the principal structures are generally highly ornamented. 
The interiors have been arranged for the accommodation of banks or 
stores, and the upper stories for offices or assembly halls ; while the 
system of lighting and the water connections are perfect under all 
conditions. 

The buildings and stores diminish in importance towards the 
extremities of the cross, merging by degrees into the residence portion of 
the town. The structure of the houses is most diverse, the picturesque 
villas, cottages, castles and chalets being adapted from the old Spanish, 
Renaissance, Italian, Holland, Norman, English, Queen Anne, etc., 
styles of architecture. 

The majority of these dwelling places are built of wood. The}^ are 
usually on an even line, at an equal distance from the sidewalk, and each 
home has its separate lot, w^hich according to its dimensions possesses its 
lawn, its garden, its beautiful roses, and its trees with gentl}^ waving 
branches. 

San Jose is unquestionably one of the best built and most delightful 
cities in California ; its streets are spacious, well laid out, clean, sprinkled 
every day, and bordered with, different kinds of handsome trees, and the 
gardens are profuse with blossoms. 

The northern portion of the City seems to be the most attractive. 
St. James Park is situated in this direction ; it is in the shape of a 
rectangle 1,005 ^^^t in length, by 610 in width; it is kept in perfect 
condition, and has a cement sidewalk winding about in all directions. It 
is a lovely spot, charming in its beauty and rusticit}^, and while reposing 
beneath the shade of spreading branches, one might imagine that the 
trees had grown there by chance ; the product of a most luxuriant Nature. 
There is quite a handsome fountain in the center of the Park, with 

148 







Hon. Chas. J. Martin, Mayor of San Jose. 




Jas. Kidward, Chief of Police of San Jose, Cal. 



sparkling sprays of water dripping into the stone basin at its foot; and 
here and there under the shelter of the boughs of pepper, eucalyptus, 
cypress, orange, sycamore and many other trees, benches have been 
placed for the accommodation of visitors and children. 

A number of fine buildings grace the neighborhood of the Park ; 
facing it on First Street, the Court House stands, with majestic and severe 
facade in the Corinthian style of architecture ; adjoining it is the Hall of 
Records, constructed entirely of marble and granite. Prominent on the 
north side you see the headquarters of the St. Claire Club, a structure 
built in imitation of an old style, which is a mixture of the Spanish and 
Italian. At a little distance, the magnificent Hotel Vendome has been 
erected; it is picturesque and imposing and shows its Queen Anne 
silhouette, rising from the midst of a handsome Park covered with 
verdure, flowers and majestic trees. 

The southern part of the Town is quite as charming, and is generally 
chosen as a place of residence by people who prefer quiet and comfort. 
Second, Third and several other streets with their rows of pretty homes 
are some of the fine avenues of the City, and really worthy of remark. 
The eastern portion is probably the most picturesque on account of the 
view of the mountains and of Mount Hamilton. There is a delightful 
road leading in this direction to Alum Rock in the foothills, but as we do 
not desire to speak of anything outside of the city limits at present, we 
will return to the eastern side of the Town, which is embellished by the 
State Normal School, a magnificent structure situated in the center of a 
beautiful lawn dotted with trees of the rarest varieties. 

Nagle Park, the property of private parties, in the direction of Tenth 
Street, seems rather neglected but still lends an agreeable appearance of 
rural repose to the surrounding neighborhood. 

As San Jose is, comparatively speaking, a new town, one is surprised 
at the sumptuous appearance of Santa Clara Street. Running in a 
westerly direction from Fourth Street, the avenue is lined on both sides 
with large and finely appointed stores, which are really a credit to the 
local merchants. 

But we are nearing the Iron Electric Tower, which is visible at a 
distance of several miles ; this giant, constructed of enlaced iron, rears its 
lighted apex to a height of 208 feet in the air, and has triumphed since 
188 1 over weather and several earthquakes (which we must say are quite 
infrequent now in San Jose). It is an ornament to the Garden City: 
only modern proficiency in the working of metals, added to ingenius art 
could have accomplished the realization of such a scientific problem. 
The Tower fulfills its mission to perfection, and fully illuminates several 

151 



streets at the center of the town. Turning from this point towards the 
south on Market Street, you obtain a full front view of the elegant City 
Hall; it is constructed of red brick and carved stone, and looks like a 
palace built during the period of the Renaissance; it stands in the middle 
of a Park, where roses, plants and trees of different varieties grow in 
profusion — and here it was that we smiled at the fountain donated to the 
City by Dr. Cogswell, the great Philanthropist, who, from his lofty 
pedestal, quenches the thirst of his passing admirers. Before arriving at 
the City Hall from this direction, the passer-by has an opportunity to 
admire the Post-ofiice Building; it is constructed of stone, taken from 
quarries in the vicinity, and its general style gives it the appearance of 
an ancient castle. 

St. Joseph's Church is directly opposite, a majestic looking building 
with Roman facade, a superb dome and elegant bell towers ; adjoining it 
at the rear is St. Joseph's College. 

ST. JOSEPH'S CHURCH. 

[Translated from the French by the Fathers of the Santa Clara College ] 

The parish of St. Joseph conducted at present by the Jesuit Fathers, 
was founded by the Franciscans in the 3^ear 1777. Thanks to the 
kindness of its present Rector, the Rev. R. A. Gleeson, S. J., we are able 
to give a picture of the Rev. Nicholas Congiato, S. J., who began the 
imposing structure, which now stands in place of the frame building 
destroyed by fire April 24th, 1875. 

On entering the church, (one of the handsomest on the coast), a 
person is immediately struck by the grandeur of its proportions, the 
aesthetic elegance of its decorations, and the tender piet}' that breathes 
forth from its many sacred altars and shrines. 

Before proceeding to describe this sanctuary of God, we beg our 
readers to allow us to give free utterance to the thoughts and feelings 
which flood our mind, and well up from our innermost heart. 

The Catholic Church, (let us pa}^ her this just and well merited 
tribute), has carefully preserved, and faithfull}^ handed down to succeeding 
ages, all that is beautiful, and grand, and ennobling. Witness her 
ceremonies! her hymns ! her liturgy! at once so sacred and so sublime. 
And, indeed, are not the noble movements she sets on foot, and the heroic 
deeds she constantly inspires, proof suf&cient of this? 

Under the guidance of her infallible Head, and the venerable princes, 
his colleagues, she shows how perfectl}^ she understands, that even in this 
age of progress and science, the greatest attraction, and the most powerful 

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spring of action, even in the religious and moral order, are to be found in 
the beauty of form, and the charm of art. And in God's creation, does 
not everything tend to give the reason why this should be so ? There 
we find grandeur and beauty in the individual features of nature, and 
things in themselves mutually opposed, we find, b}^ a divine art, blended 
together in harmonious agreement. 

For this reason, we cannot understand why certain so-called religious 
persons eschew all the graces of art in their houses of worship, and ignore 
the powerful influence of the beautiful in enabling the human soul to 
tealize the True. 

Alas ! The reason is because they are swayed by the pernicious 
influence of Materialism and Positivism — doctrines in themselves 
untenable. Every Theologian, with ever so little knowledge of his 
chosen science, knows full well that no course of Ethics can be complete 
and satisfactory without Esthetics, or, we should rather say — Ethics and 
Esthetics are but different parts of the same whole. 

Hence, to set aside elegance, beauty, and even magnificence, in 
religious service, is to represent religion as something imperfect,, 
something of a repulsive, rather than of a sweet and inviting nature — in 
a word, it is to lessen the prestige of religion, and render its ascendency 
over the hearts of men utterly impossible. 

No matter how inconsistent a man may be, common sense demands 
that there exist a perfect harmony between his feelings and his belief. 
Could these sincere and pious souls but realize how detrimental this 
course of action is to the cause of God, the sense of their responsibility 
would quickly lead them to make their worship as beautiful as possible,. 
not only interiorly, but exteriorly as well. They would understand that 
the development of what is eternal in us is, doubtless, more important, 
than those positive and utilitarian notions to which their thoughts and 
hours are at present devoted. 

For this reason we boldly assert that the principles of Utilitarianism,, 
if logically carried out, tend inevitably to lower and vulgarize the religious 
ideal. Under the influence of these principles. Christian majesty loses 
all its charm, and people gradually come to think that religious service, 
in order to be acceptable to God, and worthy of man, must be devoid of 
all pomp and ceremony. 

With such people the absence of charm and grace is a virtue, while 
morose and uncouth simplicity is a privilege inherent in the practice of 
their religious duties. 

We, who pride ourselves on having some little knowledge of 
Philosophy, hold that the appreciation of whatever is beautiful and 

155 



refining should go hand in hand with science. To our mind the greatest 
homage we can pay to God, is to proclaim His greatness and glory to men 
in such a way, as to make His service charming and delightful to them. 

Of course, when God formed this beautiful world, it was not His 
intention that men should make it the object of their worship; on the 
contrar3^, He intended, that they should use it as a means to rise to the 
knowledge and worship of its Maker. 

In creation, as is obvious, the beautiful is first, while the useful holds 
but a secondary place, though at times these two elements are inseparably 
joined together. The palm, the lily, the rose, the bright blue sky, should 
have something corresponding to them in the moral order. 

Poetry should embody what is good, in order that it may express 
what is beautiful. The harmonious melody should vibrate in the depth 
of every Christian soul. The human heart has wearied of the mean and 
commonplace — it craves something that can move and elevate it, and give 
it inspiration. The privation of what is fair and beautiful weighs down 
the soul with a dull, heavy sadness. 

If man has within him, by inheritance, the principle of sin, pain, 
and death, he at the same time cherishes that of life, joy and goodness 
eternal. For this reason, it is, and alwa^^s will be, essential for the 
complete man, to develop in himself, the sense of the beautiful, so as not 
to stifle the divine breath of the soul. Oh ! that God would give us to 
understand this wholesome and necessary truth ! Oh, how much of our 
humble existence would we not cheerfully sacrifice to have the power, 
were it only for an instant, to transport the Christian souls of the entire 
world over there to the Eternal city during one of those religious 
ceremonies that carry the soul to heights unknown of the scoffer and the 
skeptic ! 

Ah, there is a cit}^ of sublime sights, where iamd a gorgeous arra}' 
of faultless works of an Art inspired by the religious sentiment; where 
under vaults and domes of boldest design, one is lost in the contemplation 
of marvels of architecture, statuar}^, painting, jewelr}', mosaics that 
re echo the names of a Michael Angelo, of Raphael, of a Bramante, of a 
Lucca della Robbia, of a Bernin, of a Canova, artists of deathless fame 
whose genius, somewhat pagan in its worship of form, now ga^', now 
severe, and pensive, shines on every space of wall and in every detail of 
the grandest basilica the world has ever seen. And alongside the 
imperishable works of the High-priests of Art, we must not forget to 
place the services of the Sovereign Pontiffs, like Leo X. and Julius II. 
Assuredly, there was need of this fruitful alliance of wealth and power 

. 156 




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St. Joseph's Church — Rev. Nicholas Congiato, S. J., founder ot St. Joseph's Church. 
A Representation of the Crib during Christmastide. 



with Art. to make the new Rome rise from the wreck of the old which 
the Barbarians had laid waste. 

But what a contrast ! when to satisf}^ our conscience and to write the 
sacred truth, we betake ourselves to those cold temples where 3-ou hear 
the faithful sing after the fashion of a crowd of people, sullenly striking 
up from habit, some trite old refrain, then it is that the heart is chilled 
within us, and our soul suffers with intense pity and our spirit is carried 
back to the matchless sopranos of Rome; one of whom once wrung this 
cr}^ of admiration from Rossini : '^ You have reconciled me to the Sistine 
Chapel." One must have heard the rendition by the celebrated Mustafa, 
of the Lamentations of Jeremias, an incomparable work that thrills the 
soul with its impassioned accents, its cries of grief, its tears, its indignant 
protestation against the hardness and injustice of men. One must have 
heard the "Miserere," that sublime composition of Allegri. Called to 
Rome and made a member of the Sistine Chapel by Urban VIII., Allegri 
wrote that composition with so much skill, that the sovereign Pontiff 
entranced, shed tears of gratitude and forbade that any copies of it should 
be made. We are assured, however, that Mozart, himself entranced by 
it, remembered it by heart and was able to transcribe it after a second 
hearing. 

Now, if the Sovereign Pontiff and the Princes of the Church are 
foremost in inviting us by their example to turn our sacred edifices, our 
choirs, our melodies, our liturgies into marvels that copy nature in all 
her forms, her raptures, her passions, the reason must be that this 
manner of acting is pleasing to God, who is himself all beauty, all 
grandeur, all magnificence. Nothing can be too rich, too beautiful for 
Him and our dearest wish is that Catholic and Christian America would 
at length understand this truth. 

The interior of St. Joseph's Church forcibly reminds us of one of 
those superb cupolas in the Grseco-orthodox style so often to be met with 
in Russia. It is in the form of a cross and is resplendent with ornaments 
at once graceful and appropriate. 

At the eastern end, you see the sanctuary and the main altar, a 
glorious work in white marble surmounted by an allegoric painting from 
the brush of Br. Tortore, S. J., of Santa Clara College. It represents St. 
Joseph, the patron saint of the Church, distributing heaven's favors to 
the pious flock of Christ. 

To be candid, however, I must say that the architect has not availed 
himself of all his opportunities, for in the large space at his disposal, he 
might have done far better work. To cover up as it were, a failure, which 
an expert can see at a glance, he has erected at the sides of the superb 

159 



tabernacle of gilt bronze, a pair of marble columns supporting two 
branclied candelabra, a contrivance, one might say, that adds another 
false note and is out of harmony with the altar. Also at each side of the 
altar — plainly with a view to cover up blank, cold wall-space — the 
painter's art has frescoed two statues of saints. 

But the eye is better pleased with the nave proper; here two spacious 
niches are the recipients of two grand subjects ; one is St. Patrick at the 
left ; the other, at the right, a realistic portrayal of Calvary ; and hard 
by, the statue of St. Anthony flanks the sanctuary. Coming down to 
the middle of the Cross, where the pure sunshine falls from the dome 
overhead, we are pleased to admire at the left of the altar of the Blessed 
Virgin in white marble, of exquisite workmanship guarded b}' two 
remarkable statues, the work of Bianchi, imitations of sublime paintings 
by Guido Reni. One is St. Michael conquering Satan ; the other, the 
guardian Angel. We observe also a small altar sacred to St. Aloysius 
Gonzaga, who is portrayed with a surplice on and a crucifix in his hand. 
Further up a reproduction by Brother Tortore, S. J., shows the apparition 
of Our Lord to St. Ignatius, while on his way to Rome to found the 
Society of Jesus. Looking now to our right, we behold the altar of the 
Sacred Heart, made in the same style as that of Our Lady. Two 
subjects, likewise by Bianchi, adorn this altar, and next, a bronze lamp, 
a masterpiece from Rome, enraptures the e3'e . Finally, we have been 
especially lead to admire the "Way of the Cross," b\' Lemercier, a French 
Artist, the original of which is to be found in the Church of Rheims, 
France. 

And now the good father who acts as our cicerone and speaks French 
fluently takes us to the sacrisl}^ and presb3'ter3^ which are comfortabh' 
fitted up and are wondrously neat and tidy. The librar}-, especialh', 
attracted our attention; we met there our favorite authors and guides in 
philosophical and theological lore. Those dear friends of ours, for, 
indeed, books are the best friends of man; friends that we ma}' consult in 
an evil and melanchol}^ hour ; those dear friends that so patiently and 
faithfully await us, to give us aid, instruction and knowledge throughout 
the years, amid the J03^s and sorrows of life, but especialh' those moments 
of isolation that make us think of God and His tender mercies. The 
Christian in his moments of sorrow is nearer to Him, Who will, let us 
hope, one da^^, permit us to enter His heavenl}' kingdom. In these tr3'ing 
moments the Christian awaits, as it were, for the sound of the bell that 
will announce the hour of deliverance — 3'es, of deliverance, for our sojourn 
on this earth is nothing but ph3^sical and moral suffering. But in heaven, 
there dwell the peaceful, the sublime, theibeautiful, that no mortal has as 

160 




Interior of St. Joseph's Church. 




The Four Principal Chapels in St. Joseph's. 



yet been able to dream of, to catch a glimpse of, without a thrill of 
delight and unspeakable joy. 

There is a local custom of improvising a fruit and vegetable market 
every morning, which is not lacking in originality. Early in the day, 
between the hours of five and seven, people come in from the country, 
and arrange their teams with the horses facing on both sides of North 
Market Street, thus leaving a passage-way in the middle of the road. 
The eastern side is lined with about thirty of these vehicles belonging to 
the wholesale dealers, and each wagon is under control of its driver, who 
is generally a native of Portugal or China. On the west or other side of 
the street, the retail dealers, some forty in number, stand in a row, nearly 
all of whom are Italians. 

It is an odd and picturesque sight, and while watching all those 
dealers and peddlers (with queer foreign accent) buying and selling, there 
is something so attractive and country-like about it, that one is tempted 
to buy something. Asking the price of a box of beautiful, sweet, white 
grapes, we were answered thirty-five cents — in the month of August it is 
extremely cheap. And to think that the same low valuation is applied 
to all Nature's products. Land of the blest ! 

But it seems that the California housewife has no desire to profit by 
such an occasion as this, for really we did not see the shadow of one ; and 
only noticed about ten foreigners who appeared at this early hour as 
representatives of the fair sex of San Jose. To tell the truth, the women 
of California do not shine in the culinary art. And they seem to think 
that it would be a descent from the pedestal upon which man has placed 
them should they appear on the street hatless, without gloves, and 
carr3ang a basket to buy provisions. "It would be awfully shabby," 
they say. Under these circumstances they prefer to remain at home, 
usually buying from the itinerant peddlers, and probably paying twice 
or three times as much as the produce is worth. Reall}^, should we live 
here one hundred years we would never comprehend what is contained in 
that kaleidoscope that serves as a head on the shoulders of so many women. 

But we must continue the description of our course about the City 
that these fair creatures inhabit and which, notwithstanding their foibles, 
they render so delightful. While going along Santa Clara Street we 
neared the College of Notre Dame and passed within its portals. 

NOTRE DAME COLLEGE, SAN JOSE, CALIFORNIA. 

[Translated from the French by the Sisters of the Notre Dame Convent.] 

The erection of Notre Dame College dates from 1851. Its history is 
intimately linked with that of the Valley of Santa Clara and the City of 
San Jose. The Institution rises like a pure and refreshing bouquet in 
the midst of a busy hive of labor. And it is a great joy to us that by its 

163 



example, History becomes once more, for these later ages of the world, a 
pious and spiritual muse, as when of old, she charmed the heart of 
youthful humanity. What a sweet contrast it presents to the unbridled 
license of contemporary systems based on atheism and practical utilita- 
rianism, too practical, for the result is that today the religious ideal is 
alas! sadly dwarfed in many even pious souls. God preserve us from 
the imputation that we intend to profit by our rapid visit to Notre Dame, 
to make profession of being an ultramontane, or an advertising agent. 
Our mission, it seems to us holds a higher aim in view, and has the good 
fortune to soar above all struggles and sterile discussions. 

This unique work on the shores of the Pacific answers perfectly the 
exigencies of a new programme. The ability with which the work of 
repairs and embellishment have been conceived and carried out, strikes 
the eye of the visitor wherever he may be : comfort, light, space, air, 
freshness, sweet and calm are met in profusion in ever^^ recess of this 
magnificent establishment. 

Sanitary progress has demonstrated the obligation of avoiding super- 
position of stories, of separating study-halls, dormitories, refectories, 
lavatories and kitchens by spacious corridors, and by so doing secure 
everywhere sufficient ventilation for summer, and equable temperature 
for winter. These desiderata have been perfectly observed. The 
magnificent situation of the level tract of ten acres led to the adoption of 
a constructive group with convergent axes that, as indicated in the 
illustration, is composed of numerous buildings and pa\'ilions built in 
brick and connected by galleries. It is at the meeting of these axes that 
the facade rises, presenting a stately and imposing appearance. The 
bird's-eye view which we have reproduced cannot, as it should, give the 
exact representation of the establishment. One must see to appreciate 
the beauty and the comfort of these details such, as the green swards, 
courtyards, gardens, orchards, etc., whose spaciousness and refreshing 
verdure sweetly yield repose to the thought-weary mind. So, too, one 
should traverse the pleasant grounds, and visit the annex building, the 
Academy, Boys' school and Day schools for the gratuitous instruction of 
the children of the City. 

The main gate of the enclosure opens on a delightful English 
parterre overshadowed by magnificent palms that toss their majestic 
plumes to the sky. The waxed floors and passages, the interior walls of 
polished wood are kept immaculate. And in all the apartments the e3'e 
is ravished, and sometimes sweetly impressed b3^ the extent of the place, 
and by the numberless pictures, copies of the masters, executed by the 
artist Sisters and their pupils. It is not a cloister, it is not even a 

164 




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Front Entrance of College of Notre Dame, San Jose, Cal.-Grotto of Lourdes in the Interior of the Convent 
The Grotto— the Church of Lourdes in France— Bernadette Soubiron. 




ExLterior and Interior of the Chapels ot" College of Notre Dame, San [ose, Cal. — General View of the College- 
Musical Department — The V. R. S., founder of the Order of Notre Dame at Amien, France. 



Convent, bnt a charming and delightful Home wherein one breathes an 
atmosphere of happiness and purity. 

The chapel, particularly, attracts the attention of the visitor, thanks 
to its equipment at once sumptuous yet simple, to its rare stained 
windows, to its sublime allegories of which the Holy Catholic Church 
alone has the secret, and all that is to us a great school of wisdom, of 
resignation and of hope. 

A sublime saying of Christ in the Gospel came to memory: "Be 
perfect, as your Father in Heaven is perfect." To urge a poor human 
being to resemble Him whose feet rests on the stars, is to call him to live 
on beauty, it is to raise him to a supreme dignity. But the Bible is the 
word of God Himself, who cannot be deceived. This granted there is no 
acme of transcendant greatness to which a Catholic may not dare to 
aspire. Hence what a sweet satisfaction we feel in heart and soul to find 
ourselves for a moment in the midst of such beautiful things whereby 
the valiant servants of God keep heavenly thoughts alive in the souls of 
their pupils. 

That the education of the mind may be purified, it must pass through 
the soul which is all of man. For the soul means esthetics, harmony, 
purity, and this trilog}^ must accompany it wherever it would wing an 
upward flight, in the career of the artisan, in that of the man of wealth, and 
it is a monstrous crime to forget this law which comes to us from on High. 

Without doubt, the Institutions that desire to thrive must freely 
^ enter upon the pathways of their epoch. We are of the number of those 
who do not like to see imposed an erudition without soul and consequently 
without ideal. Its dialectics are dangerous, as man is feeble. Yes, we must 
be able to answer this atheist, or that materialist ; we shall make of our 
Prose and Poetry a sister of charity, a priestess and not a vivandiere or a 
Bacchante, thou sayst it, man without faith and without heart. We are 
free and posterity will say that we are right. The liberty I love is born 
with our soul. The day when the most just braved the most strong. We 
know how to render Justice meet to State Institutions and Universities. 
They often choose professors whose virtues and education are above all 
praise, nevertheless, if we had our choice we would confer the privilege 
on Institutions instructing at the same time the soul and the brain. For 
the soul alone knows how to make the sacrifices that all human beings 
must make reciprocally to be even moderately happy in this world. Ah ! 
what misery, what misfortunes, what sufferings the education of the soul 
would avert. It would make us reflect more frequently on the uncertainty 
and precariousness of life. 

169 



Let us be permitted before ending this chapter to begin a new 
paragraph to congratulate, as is meet, the Sister Professors of Notre 
Dame who have seen their work and their efforts crowned by being 
accredited by the University of California, which thus opens its doors to 
the graduates of Notre Dame, which is itself empowered to grant 
diplomas and confer degrees by right of its charter coeval with that of 
the University itself. This new privilege does honor to those who have 
won it, and proves that the College of Notre Dame resolutely and 
impartially embraces all studies without exception despite the calumnies 
of its adversaries, and there religious neutralit}^ is not a vain word. 

The coming year which opens a new century prepares a great joy 
for Catholic San Jose. The pious celebration of the fiftieth anniversary 
of the College of Notre Dame is a pledge to us of one of the most brilliant 
of literary feasts, and that which will not fail to add a certain grandeur 
to this ceremony is, that several of the valiant and pious pioneer Sisters of 
1844 and 185 1 will be able to contemplate the fift}^ years successful work 
of their Order on the Pacific Coast, a work of all modesty, valor and virtue. 

Now with the poet say : 

Press 071 . 7}iy soul^ 
The world needs more than one pale star at night 
Tho' ofC she quenches eveyi her guiding light. 
Work 071 and up. Eternity the goal. 



170 




Principal Buildings of College of Notre Dame, San Jose, Cal. — Exterior and Interior of the 

Fine Arts Department. 




Views of Grounds of the College of Notre Dame, San Jose, Cal. 




Grouping of the College of Notre Dame, San Francisco, Cal. 




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174 



HOMES IN SAN JOSE — CHARACTERISTICS OF ITS INHABITANTS — THE 
IDIOSYNCRACIES OF ITS LADIES — THE HELPS — SOCIETY. 

The homes in Sanjose are exceedingly well arranged and thoroughly 
comfortable ; there is an abundance of air, light and water, and in most 
of the houses the kitchen, dining room, parlor and living rooms are 
situated on the first floor, w^hile the bed-rooms, often with adjoining bath, 
are up-stairs in the second story. At night gas or electricity^ is used for 
lighting purposes, though in many homes, especially those at a little 
distance from the center of the town, the lamp is still in use. Nearly all 
of the streets have cement sidewalks, a fact which greatly facilitates the 
locomotion of the pedestrian, as everybody is not the fortunate possessor 
of a bicycle or bugg}^ The otherwise handsome streets of San Jose are 
somewhat disfigured by the unsightly telegraph posts supporting their 
network of wire, and the immense posters that cover so many walls and 
fences. 

Having mentioned a few of the external attractions of San Jose, w^e 
will enter into particulars concerning the inner life and customs of the 
.Cit3^ The hostess in San Jose, as in the other towns of California, 
exerts herself to the utmost in receiving her visitors. One of her 
characteristics is to offer her guest the handsomest and most comfortable 
chair in the parlor; of course the supposition is that this apartment is 
w^ell furnished, and replete with finely upholstered pieces of furniture, 
Vv^hich seem to invite one to sweet slumber and pleasant dreams ; and true 
enough, this appearance of luxury is visible on all sides, from the 
hangings to the carpet, which probably in the course of tim^e proves to be 
an excellent resting place for microbes. 

It is rarely that one sees a work of art in the average California 
"parlor, while on the other hand, the room seems to be actually swarming 
with chromos and photographs; and in order to avoid being considered 
guilt}' of unbecoming conduct it becomes necessary to admire a w^hole 
regiment of portraits. 

As to the table we will pass quickly b}^ it, because from a French 
point of view^, the American knows neither the art of eating or drinking, 

175 



and though victuals are exceedingly inexpensive here, people seem to eat 
onl}^ for the purpose of nourishing themselves ; as far as the drinking is 
concerned, it is just the contrary, and the beverages are imbibed for the 
pleasure of absorbing the liquor, and it is frequently taken just for 
pastime, or as a matter of business. It is seldom that you see the table 
decked out with those inviting entrees that serve as an appetizer ; but 
nearly always there is the same array of eggs (cooked in various styles)* 
broiled or fried meats, roasts, vegetables boiled in water and not seasoned;, 
biscuits, pies, tea or coffee, without any taste or aroma, and ice-water, — 
we beg your pardon, we have actually forgotten to mention the national 
dessert and vegetable : ice-cream and corn ; the latter, when suspended 
gracefully in front of the mouth, has the appearance of a somewhat 
substantial mustache. 

A peculiarity, which seems to have been imported from other parts 
of the United States, which is on the increase, and has its effect on 
the California female, (with rare exceptions) is a repugnance to 
household labor, and especially that part of it w^hich pertains to the 
kitchen; and it is really strange that this great lady of modern times 
should imagine that her manipulation of the fr3'ing pan is somewhat 
similar to the role assumed at Petit Trianon by Marie Antoinette, Queen 
of France. We have actually seen women in San Jose put on gloves for 
the purpose of frying a few eggs, a beef-steak or a chop ; and such a 
proceeding is, to say the least, highly amusing. But this is not all — 
King Louis the Sixteenth, was, as ever}^ one knows, (to the great scandal 
of the French Court) a lock-smith by trade and obliging to the highest 
degree ; but the man in California, notwithstanding his rude exterior and 
his somewhat independent nature, is even more obliging than our late 
good King was, for never (to our knowledge) was his Majesty- known to 
descend so far as to assume the poetical role of a child's nurse ; his royal 
hands were probably never even brought into close contact with the 
^'bottle" or the intricacies of the toilet belonging to the Dauphin, the 
prince and princesses of his household. Yet, while moving onward, with 
the march of "Progress," the master of the home in California has 
managed to transform himself into rather a peculiar housekeeper. He 
even constitutes himself a dry-nurse, who cannot readily be excelled. 
Not that we would indulge in any derogatory remarks, for trul}- all this 
but adds to the honor of the head of the famih^ ; and as long as the 
welfare of infancy is dependent on maternal care, it naturalw follows 
that, if the mother does not fulfill her duties, it is the father who must 
supply the deficiency. 

But wait and list, for all has not been told. When it so happens 

176 




Front Elevation of College Notre Dame, San Francisco. — This Institution of Learning is the 
First Branch of the Mother University of San Jose, Cal. 



177 




Society in San Jose — Hon. Chas. J. Martin's Family. 




180 



that a man is not wealthy, and is j ust possessed of sufficient means to support 
a woman (excuse the expression, we meant to say lady,) the idea of sending 
one's wash to a laundry is altogether out of the question. Well ! with 
the aid of "Progress" and female independence it is not long before the 
benedict learns how to dabble in the washtub. His hands are strong, and 
why should he care if his fingers are distorted or chapped ? His wife is 
so delicate, poor little thing, so sweet, so coquettish and bewitching, and 
she is such an adept in making her husband unhappy, or a laundryman 
delighted. 

But there is really an excuse for these ladies for all this, and that is, 
that the men are not actually worthy of a woman's sacrifice. Listen to 
that, ye Lords of Creation ! 

Of course we are well aware that there are numberless women, wives 
and mothers, who fully comprehend the nature of their duties and fulfill 
them conscientiously; but there are certainly cases to which our remarks 
may be applied, and as long as such a parasite exists, it remains our duty, 
as observers, to divulge the fact. 

But to reason calmly, it seems to us, that the home would be much 
more worthy of the name blessed^ if the man's comforts could be better 
supplied there than at the bars and restaurants; if instead of having a 
wafe who only speaks of dress and other frivolous subjects, he could pass 
his hours of leisure with a useful, devoted companion to whom he could 
confide his plans and troubles. 

And we, who have always felt and expressed a veneration for the fair 
sex, have often been distressed while witnessing the war that some ladies 
are continually waging against the common and hereditary enemy — Man ! 
But what can be done to remedy the matter, for there is no legal method 
in force by which people can be prevented from causing themselves 
unnecessary trouble. 

These continual discussions on the equality and inequality of the 
sexes amount to nothing further than to excite the antagonism of the 
contending parties. 

Although woman was excluded from the professions, man always 
considered her his queen. 

There is a saying, attributed to the Duchess of Bourgogne, which 
though old, can be fittingly applied to modern days. Addressing herself 
to the King, she said: "Sire, the reason of all this is, that when- the men 
reign, it is the women who rule, and when the women reign, it is the men 
who rule." 

That women are as intelligent as men, or even more so, we willingly 
admit; that they can do what the most intelligent of us do everyday we 

181 



willingly admit ; only when they perform our duties they neglect their 
own, and that is the question that concerns humanity. 

Then let each one do his duty and not await for the other ; but in 
order to do one's duty, it is necessary to comprehend it, and realize its 
importance. 

Woman is the most sublime, and most respectable being in creation. 
She is neither the temptress nor the corrupter of man, but his companion 
and his equal; that is, when she labors as he does, and performs her 
modest share of the home duties ; (for the fair sex can do no nobler work) 
when she works for a salary that is equal to the wages given to man, she 
is a loyal competitor and has also become an assistant to progress. 
Blessed is the woman who is mistress of herself, as man is his own 
master, who knows not what hypocrisy or false pride is, who is loyal 
and serious, and would remain as God has created her, all tenderness and 
refinement, and who does not attempt to copy the nature of a being that 
she cannot resemble, without ceasing to be a good mother and a good 
wife. 

When she is fully enlightened, and cognizant of her own rights and 
duties, she will be capable of producing a superior humanity ; and it is 
towards that end, that we should all, men and women, boys and girls, 
direct our aim. 

But no, it is the fashion here to depend upon making a good match, 
so as to " have lots of fun." 

Most every girl is raised in a manner that befits her for becoming 
the wife of a rich man, and still the men are not all rich. Such women 
as these, when married, know full well how to demand their rights and 
more than their rights without ever troubling themselves as to what their 
duties may be. 

And when you marr}^ a banker or a man, whoever he is, for the sole 
purpose of being maintained, do yon not feel the shame, the humility of 
such a role? The real word for this cannot be used in choice English; 
but it is practiced — practiced to a terrible extent. 

We have said enough on this subject at present, but it is our 
intention to return to it, for it is realh^ interesting. And now we will 
speak of another parasite, the effects of which are equally as alarming, 
and which concerns the whole of the United States. 

Under the pretense of independence and equalitv (terms which are 
nothing more nor less than a glaring imposture) an evil has arisen, and 
has already been in existence some 3'ears. It is the question of servants ; 
beg your pardon, it was our intention to use the word "help," because 
there are no servants here; the}^ were all killed b}' ''Progress;" and 

182 




Victor Cauhape's Family — (French). 



183 




Mr. Lasserre's Family — (^ French V 



184 




Residence of Leon Carteri, San Jose. 




Home in San Jose — Mr. Turonnet's Family — (^French). 



America will mourn for them, a long, long time ! It is truly a. 
delightful state of affairs, but the most amusing part of it is, that the 
servants of by-gone days, who in the course of human events, have risen 
to the rank of mistresses, are loudest in their complaints. This seems to 
us about the best trick the "help" could pla}^ on their comrades. And 
we natives of France, just landed in this land of the free, laugh . . . . 
laugh .... suf&cient is the reason thereof. 

The "help" here does not profess to have any respect or devotion for 
those who employ them, and vice versa. She performs her services 
unwillingly, and "only for the time being," she is quite indifferent as to 
whether her work is well done or not ; and the consideration and 
attachment existing between mistress and servant, which is so often seen 
in Europe, seems to be totally unknown here. 

The "help" of which we are writing might be compared to the 
typical mother-in-law, who is generally ill-natured and dissatisfied, and 
in order not to create any disturbance in the family, it becomes a necessity 
to submit to her law, with the slight difference that while it is an. 
impossibility to indulge in the pleasure of having a new mother-in-law 
every month, there is, alas! sometimes a change of "help" every week. 

But as "there is no rule without exceptions," we hasten to say, that 
the inhabitants of San Jose shine with qualities that are peculiar to 
themselves; for taking them altogether, they seem to be an intelligent,, 
enterprising, practical, moral and progressive people. 

A community of this kind is far in advance of the inhabitants of 
Europe in regard to the development and furtherance of new ideas 
concerning such matters as agriculture, practical industry, home- comforts,, 
the beauty and improvement of the City, the roads, the parks and the 
surrounding country. 

The citizens in general impress one with an appearance of elegance 
and ease that is really surprising, and there is probably no city of the 
same size that possesses a more refined and cultivated population. 

Instrumental, vocal music and even literature are the usual diversions 
of many of the inhabitants. There is scarcely a home that has not a 
piano, or other musical instrument, a library, magazines and newspapers. 
The provincialism of Europe is altogether unknown here, as the customs,, 
ideas, and fashions are transmitted with great rapidity through the 
medium of telephones, telegraphs, railroads, electric cars, and automobiles. 

And since it is more agreeable to follow the new fashions and customs 
than to adhere to the old, San Jose is continually undergoing a process, 
of transformation. 

187 



There is nothing small or shabby in this part of the United States, 
as everything is sustained on a large and magnificent scale. 

What a life, and what a change from the Old World! 

There is something of freedom, of independence, in the very air one 
breathes upon landing in this country. There is no indiscreet questioning, 
no distrustful wariness, no aspersion cast upon the character of others. 
And if you respect their laws, do not interfere with their rights, nor 
wound their patriotic feelings ; whether you are rich or poor, great or 
humble, manufacturer or laborer, whatever caste, sect or religion you may 
belong to, you are a free and independent man. 

And anyone, who is neither blind nor prejudiced, and has devoted 
time to the study of the nation or the people, after abstracting such faults 
as belong to all civilized communities, must necessarily have a high 
opinion of this austere, proud and industrious population. 

The Californian is fond of monc}^, but he is not avaricious ; he is 
eager to earn it, but spends it freely. 




Mr. Pellier, one of the First Orchardists of Santa Clara Vdley, who inti-oduced 
the Famous French Prune in California. 



188 




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Home in San Jose — J. B. Garat's Family — (French). 



190 




Home in San Jose. 




msm 



CHARACTERISTICS OF CALIFORNIANS — SOCIETY — THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS — 
MODE OF EDUCATION IN THE UNITED STATES. 

If we were asked to name the most striking characteristic of the 
Californian, we should unhesitatingly say, their love of hospitality. No 
people in the United States are so open-handed, so generous and kind in 
their welcome of friends and visitors. A Californian's first idea of 
showing kindness is to feed his friend. 

No country in the w^orld is possessed of such an abundance of viands 
and comfortable restaurants. Entertaining here is much more complex, 
and yet easier, than in any part of the world: more difficult because the 
circle of friends is very large, and simpler for the reason that edibles, 
flowers, wine, and all the other minutiae for entertainment, are cheaper 
and more varied. 

The difficulty of choosing one's guests is also great. One would like 
to ask all their coterie to dine, but then again you are confronted with 
the problem, how is it to be accomplished ? The first rule laid down and 
rigidly adhered to is, never to dine or call at the house of an\^ you do not 
intend to ask in return, and always to begin by returning the hospitality 
of those who have extended it to you. That must be the golden rule, 
and by adhering to it one clears many difficulties out of their path. 

We do not claim the paternity of such ideas. The well-known 
society woman, "Lady Jeune," is our best instructress. But if, as 
abroad, we could also realize that food and feeding is not the desideratum 
of entertainment, then it might become more of a pleasure and less of a 
labor than at the present moment. 

The custom of entertaining at restaurants has a very serious 
drawback — it is enormously expensive, nevertheless, at the present time 
it is considered old-fashioned and out-of-date to dine anywhere except in 
so-called "French restaurants," and for this fad or fanc}^ we have good 
"reasons to offer. A society lady's time is so much occupied, and help so 
independent, that to dine in a lestaurant relieves her of many troubles. 

Now we shall venture upon a subject which we know will arouse the 
animosity of many pseudo-ladies : we will tell what we think constitutes 
good societ}^ : 

193 



In our opinion, good society is composed of a certain number of 
persons, notable in various degrees on account of the position, the 
education and the talents possessed by each of them. These people meet 
together, receiving by turns, and form the acme, intellectually and 
morally, of good taste and the elegance of the town in which they live. 

It devolves upon these persons to establish the code of fashionable 
life, and it is their duty to develop good behavior, proper manners, 
urbanity, amiability, generosity, and, of course, reciprocate cordiality. 
We will add that it is the duty of any person moving in this society to 
avoid the semblance of any kind of scandal, as such an occurrence 
reflects upon all of the others. Of course this is a principle which in 
reality should be a matter of conscience, or the natural result of the 
utmost circumspection in all the proprieties. A rule of this kind creates 
an obstacle in the way of all those whose conduct borders on the 
imprudent ; and the fear of being excluded from such society has the 
effect of making even the most foolish and frolicsome persons reflect. 
And although Satan would be no loser owing to such a state of affairs, 
the deportment of people in general would be much improved, for there 
is no doubt that the outward habits of demeanor have a great influence 
on morals and private life. 

Such a condition of society could exist and even prosper in San 
Jose, for certainly there is no lack of ladies and gentlemen of genteel 
bearing. The trouble here seems to be, that the good families do not 
come into contact with one an other, and some of them have good reasons 
for not meeting the others; for instance, there may be excellent families, 
either American, Irish, German, Spanish, French, Italian ; Catholic, 
Protestant, Jewish or orthodox, although their tastes and principles 
may be all that can be desired, for some reason or other they fail to 
agree ; they visit each other once, twice or three times ; some little 
thing occurs and each says: "We will not go there again." 

But as we do not wish to delve too much into particulars, we will 
say, that simplicity, rectitude of conduct, and amiability without 
affectation is what constitutes good taste ; to listen well and speak little 
is politeness ; to behave properly and be natural is good manners ; to 
sing, or play on an instrument when asked, without an}- unnecessary 
and exaggerated excuses is alw^ays correct, because people do not 
congregate for the purpose of being bored, but to be entertained, and 
above all to entertain others. 

Can it be possible that the main center of San Jose society is not 
conspicuous because the journals used as a substitute for the Blue Book 
in no manner give a true idea of what the real and good society is that 

194 




Exterior and Interior of the Victory Theater of San Jose, property of Hon. James D. Phelan, 

Mayor of San Francisco. 




'^ 



95 



exists here ; for there are little clans of people who live modestly and 
retired and object to having their private affairs and movements 
advertised, so as to evade as much as possible that inevitable and 
detestable "humbug." 

There is another peculiarity that is noticeable here : owing to 
celibacy and divorce which bring their quota of old maids, bachelors 
and divorcees, controversies and questions arise which are totally 
unheard of in other countries, and we wish to state that in Burope no 
divorced person is received in good society. It may be an unjust and 
extreme law, but such is the case nevertheless, nor does it appear to 
have a bad effect on morals : quite the contrary. 

As a matter of course, we have no doubt that the ladies and 
gentlemen forming the society here reach a high local standard, 
but we Europeans (admitted to be so behindhand in our ideas) 
cannot refrain at times from indulging in a movement of surprise or 
even disgust at the thought of certain things we see, or hear of. It 
may be stupid, but who can help it, for we all know that there is no 
accounting for taster and colors. 

And since it has become the fashion to incinerate the human body, 
even the vocation of undertaker does not seem to be quite so vulgar, 
for fire purifies everything and so does gold ! 

When searching for the elements that have contributed to the 
system of education in the United States, one becomes aware that they 
were the natural needs and aims of the people. It is said that all 
schools are a facsimile of the nation they represent. This can be very 
appropriately applied to the schools of this great Republic. 

In San Jose, as in all educational centers in the United States, 
religious instruction is completely excluded from the course of studies in 
all the Public Schools and Universities, this branch of study being 
relegated to the private and Sunday Schools ; and owing to this principle, 
the children belonging to the man}^ creeds and sects are enabled to pursue 
their studies without having their religious feelings wounded. 

There is one feature we wish to speak of, which is altogether peculiar 
to the United States : it is that of giving the same education to boys and 
girls ; and the main reason for it seems to be the pretension the Americans 
have of equalizing, as much as possible, the youth of the country. 

We do not hesitate in asserting that to us French people this method 
of giving the identical education to boys and girls, wherever it may be in 
vogue here, seems as inadequate for one sex, as for the other. To us it 
is an undeniable fact that the ideal conception of a girl's future is as 
different from that of a boy's as the contrast between night and day ; for 

197 



their thoughts, their duties, their resources and their needs, are diamet- 
rically opposed ; hence in attempting to develop them both according to 
the same theories and principles, without considering the sacred laws of 
Nature, an irreparable error is committed ; the general result of this 
training is a being that is without sex. 

Admitting that the reasons we have advanced may not be suthciently 
convincing to the American mind, we have others which we deem more 
forcible. 

In developing the intellect of different sexes to an equal degree, the 
selfsame pretensions are naturally evoked ; and as the^^ all possess the 
same means of attaining the desired end, whatever it may be, the 
competition aroused between them results in a merciless struggle for 
existence. And this is one of the great causes of all the woes that fall 
like hail-stones on American society — which is so worthy of and well 
inclined to happiness — such as blasted hopes, shattered lives, an exuber- 
ance of vitality and intellect which is without employment or sustenance ; 
a fondness for liberty that borders on license, embittered thoughts^ 
broken hearts. Shameful injustice is fostered by these methods, for there 
are numerous young men and women, who, though they are well educated 
and perfectly capable of holding certain positions, are scorned, because 
they have no "pull" or money with which to pay their way into favor. 

Owing to the education received in Universities and Secondar}- 
Schools, many of the growing generation, who are in poor circumstances^ 
conceive and cherish hopes of a brilliant future of matrimonial alliances 
in accordance with their tastes for comfort and luxury. Then, upon 
leaving their studies, as they have a contempt for the modest vocations of 
their parents, they call upon society for the compensation and the 
crowning of all their efforts, and this is the beginning of the disenchant- 
ment, often of misery, and at times, something worse than want. 

We are of the opinion that in the beginning the same education 
should be given to all children, but as the pupils grow older, it should 
become diversified and specialized in accordance with the sex and intended 
career of the different students. 

We have often visited the classes of bo3'S and girls in different 
schools and Universities, and notwithstanding the presence of a stranger 
— a fact which should naturally exert some influence on the conduct of 
the pupils — it was not difficult for us to perceive that their minds were 
not altogether concentrated upon their studies, and although thev 
appeared to pay attention to the professor, their thoughts were evidently 
in other realms. We have even seen neatl}^ folded missives passing 
between boys and girls ; and having spoken of the matter to the professor, 

198 



he implored us to keep silence, pressing his finger to his lips ; the poor 
man probably feared he would be deprived of his position if the matter 
were given publicity. 

Now, I will say, if the parents of the pupils would take the trouble 
to watch their progeny to a certain extent, by being present sometimes 
at the dismissal of the classes, they might become greatly edified 
concerning the moral influence exerted by this system of co-education. 

We have seen flirtations carried on between boys and girls even on 
the public thoroughfares. Of course people say it is only childishness — 
call it childishness if you so desire, but children are possessed of sufficient 
tendencies to corruption, without being given the daily occasion of 
practicing it. 

To revert to the sentence that we employed in the commencement of 
this chapter, that is : that all schools are a facsimile of the Nation they 
represent ; we must say that the method of instruction or education in 
the United States does not tend, nor has it any pretension, to cultivate 
the disinterested motives of the mind, but its sole object seems to be to 
provide each pupil with a means of existence, a weapon, as it were, to use 
in the struggle for life; such being the case — of the various duties that 
are supposed to be enforced upon children — the instruction they receive 
here only imposes one obligation upon them, it is that each one should 
be the molder of his own abilities. 

This is individualism in every sense of the word, for it is the personal 
pronoun " I " which is the dominating spirit, and the desire to make any 
kind of sacrifice for another is nearly unknown. 

The cultivation of the "I " seems to be the beginning and the end of 
all the programmes and methods we have encountered in this country. 
It is the American's aim to educate his sons and daughters so that they 
v^ill excel, and be the most competent in the game of competition ; and 
hence individualism is not only developed within them by a demand being 
made upon them to try to excel, but they are told that they have excelled 
all others ; and this is one of the reasons for that tendency, that nearly all 
Americans have, to imagine that they are superior in all matters. 

As a matter of course, there are many of these students who 
contribute largely to the wealth and prosperity of the country ; but one 
knows very well that when fortune comes in at the door, happiness often 
flies out of the window. America is rich, prosperous, progressive, but, 
alas ! not very happy. 

One must never forget that a school is, and will never be anything 
more, than a prologue to the future life. 

As the purpose of education should be to teach students, above all 

201 



other tilings, how to discern, to feel, to admire art, and respect all that is 
good and moral; to honor genius and erudition, they should be placed 
under the tuition of professors and masters who not only teach, but also 
practice these noble qualities. Outside of those who follow the profession 
of teaching as a matter of taste or devotion, it is difficult to find proficient 
persons, and it is necessary to do away with biased opinions before being 
able to make the proper choice. 



ADDITIONAL DEPUTY COUNTY ASSESSORS. 




Chas. G. Young. Chas. R. Williams. Mrs. Emma Z. Pillot. Jacob M. Cox. 



Chas. Phelps. 



202 




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CHRISTIAN CHARITY — SALVATION ARMY — CHINESE — THE JEWS. 

It seems to us that our remarks in general prove that we have the 
best intentions towards everybody. And though, comparatively speaking, 
San Jose is a little town, its inhabitants have reason to boast of its wealthy 
its resources, its beauty and its appearance of ease. 

A large sum of money is expended annually in the County for 
charitable purposes ; some of it being contributed as voluntary donations. 
And for the past few years subscriptions have been generously extended 
by the inhabitants towards the relief and assistance of outside sufferers. 
Christian charity, uniting with public liberality, is conferred upon all 
with the same kindness, and without any distinction being made as to 
race or religion. 

Nor must we forget to mention the Salvation Army, which is so> 
greatly ridiculed in Europe, and so much esteemed here for the service 
it renders to the poor. It appears to be a sect of beggars or solicitors ; a 
great organization, resembling to a certain degree Victor Hugo's Coitr des 
Miracles^ only the crippled, the deaf and dumb, and the blind have been 
supplanted in the local case by men and women soldiers, who are not 
lacking in assurance, courage or volubility. 

The Chinese are certainly worthy of a few remarks. Though 
possessing a stamp of its own, Chinatown in San Jose is but a poor 
reminder of the conglomeration of curious, artistic and sumptuous abodes 
in the Celestial Empire ; and one who has traveled in China is painfully 
surprised at the appearance of the slovenly huts and the poor specimens- 
of the industrious children of the Orient that are met with here. 

The odor sui ge7ier2s emanating from the surroundings is decidedly 
noticeable, one might even say strong, and if it really delights the 
olfactory organs of those good "coolies," it certainly goes a long way 
towards making them detested by the American people. 

The Chinese, whom it would be difiicult to dispense with at the 
present time in California, being actuated by a spirit of revenge, retaliate 
to the contumely with which they are treated by contempt, and if an 
occasion presents itself, they do not hesitate to make the white people 
feel the need of their assistance, for they are cooks, servants and laborers. 

205 



Some 3^ears ago, even here in San Jose, an attempt was made to 
"boycott them. Are you desirous to learn the result of this proceeding ? 
The people were compelled to take them into favor again, and they became 
more exacting and impertinent than before. Then why should people 
complain of these poor Celestials, when they have done everything in 
their power to make them what they are. 

It is quite comprehensible that the inhabitants of a great country 
should have a certain repugnance to bestowing the privileges to which 
they are entitled on people who only came to it for the sole purpose of 
making money, that they may return with it and spend it in their own 
birthplace. But can these people imagine that by persecuting a race, they 
improve its condition? Persecution has never achieved a success of any 
value ; it tends to affect the organization of those who are persecuted, and 
though the united number may not be large, it always leads to a certain 
amount of contention. 

In the Santa Clara Valley the majority of the inhabitants, with the 
exception of the Americans, are the Italians, then the Irish, German, 
English and French follow, proportionately. The Israelites form a 
contingent here, as in San Francisco, and play quite an important role in 
business affairs. It is truly a promised land for them, for they readil}^ find 
an open field in which to exercise their qualities and their faults. This 
ancient race, which is still so pure and strong, remains intact, with its 
great number of representatives, that are so distinct from the Americans ; 
and we can at least render them the justice they deserve b}' asserting 
that it is seldom one hears of abandoned children and divorces in their 
midst. 

Jew ! When against thee arising stick hatred I saw ; 

A pity ^ most human, i7i my heart's depths I bore 
For those ^ who ijisulted thee, — a brazeji-faced foe. 

And though I ignore the priests of thy race, 

I abhor those jackals^ wJio thy footsteps trace. 
For thou art a brother of 7nine i7i thy woe ! 



206 




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207 




The Two Principal Weekly Papers of San Jose, Cal., A. P. Ml-rgottex, Editor. 



208 



FIRE DEPARTMENT — DOCTORS AND LAWYERS — THE SAN JOSE PRESS. 

Among the marvels of the Town, we will mention the excellent 
methods adopted by the fire department. The apparatus, which is of the 
most modern description is always in perfect condition ; it is only to be 
regretted that the men of the department do not present such an excellent 
appearance. But the parties most interested say that all will come in the 
course of time. 

We are compelled to admit that doctors and lawyers appear to be 
somewhat brilliant and numerous in the Garden City. Can it be possible 
that invalids and lawsuits are common in this beauteous land ? We are 
not inclined to think so, because we are aware that it is simply a super- 
abundance of intellect which causes this invasion of the masses into the 
ranks of professions that are extremely harrowing occupations for 
conscientious men. Another apparent trouble is the number of charletans 
and humbugs who infringe upon the rights of the genuine professional 
men, and as a matter of conscience we would advise all such persons who 
cherish a desire to live long and well to evade all quacks, for should you 
really happen to be only slightly indisposed, if your means warrants it, 
they will make it a duty to render you sufficiently ill to enable them to 
see the color of your money. 

The same warning can be applied to certain pettifoggers, pillars of 
the Police Court, who when once engaged in some trifling case or difficulty 
that might easily be amicably settled, will forthwith entangle their clients 
in the intricate meshes of the Code for an indefinite length of time; 

Our intention to harm no one but to benefit all as much as possible, 
incites us to assert that certain drug stores and candy factories are the 
cause of more victims than the saloons, which are the objects of such 
constant opposition. And as the follies of humanity are inexhaustible, it 
becomes necessary to flatter its tastes, especially its gluttony. If there 
is anything that is injurious to the stomach, it is this continual 
absorbtion of sweets ; hot breads and cakes are also detrimental to health. 
Of course, all such things are relished by the palate, but every piece 
of candy that is enjoyed performs its quota towards impairing the digestive 
organs. It doubtless would be imprudent and puerile on our part 
to continue in this strain of reproach, but it must be admitted 

209 



tliat the statistics are sufficiently suggestive in regard to this topic. 
According to reports, the patients dying in the United States as a 
result of diseased digestive organs, such as dyspepsia and dibilitation, are 
in excess of quadruple the number of those so afflicted in France, the very 
country whose inhabitants are accused (by people here) of an overindul- 
gence in high living. 

Ice-water and hot bread, in addition to the quantity of sweets con- 
sumed, are deadly ingredients for some stomachs, not mentioning the 
habit so many persons have of eating their meals hurriedly. 

In France, bread soaked in wine is given to the children ; here people 
would cry out in indignation against such a custom, but at the same time 
would give them candy. Wine, when taken in moderate quantities, is 
always beneficial, while sugar, on the contrary, is injurious. 

The Press in San Jose, with which it is advisable to be on amicable 
terms, is well organized in behalf of the inhabitants, and for the interest 
of the country. At times it has an inclination to indulge in certain 
practices .... and it is with great difficulty it is brought to desist. Its 
control is relegated to the god Dollar and Judge Pull ; but a well regulated 
system of financiering sometimes renders it amendable to reason. 

Nor are articles of literary merit lacking ; but, alas ! who can boast 
of sufficient time to write well in these modern days ; one must hurry in 
order to be in advance of others, and hence the st34e of writing in mode 
has been adopted from the telegraphic system. And it must be admitted 
that it is not an easy matter for the Press to accommodate all its readers, 
because, when an article is written in favor of some person, lo and behold! 
the public becomes distrustful. If evil is published, strange to sa}^, the 
masses are credulous. Thus it has become a necessit}^ for the Press in 
San Jose to assume a role that enables it to arouse the passions and protect 
the interests of the public . 

The Press in San Jose is a reflection of the inhabitants of the City, 
who, like humanity in general, enjoy excitement, take pleasure in reading 
of the woes of others, and delight in discovering a new hero and another 
scandal every day. 

The European always enjoys that mysterious page of the Sunda}- 
edition, modestly called Society Mirror. It seems to us that the title of 
this page, to be more appropriate, should be Page of Compliments, for the 
writer even surpasses the French in gallantry. 

And still the violet hidden betwixt its verdant foliage, unrewarded 
genius, modestly concealed virtue, and the industrious laborer, are four 
charming realities that exist and are not alwa3^s extolled b}- the Press in 
San Jose. Don't forget to pronounce it San Hosa}^ ! 

210 



Part 1^. 



^rintipul Business flouses ol 
San 3ose^ CaU 




^ \^^~> 41-43;45_-47 SO. SECGND_ ST- >'- />^=^=^&; 



"T>) 




2.4.6.8J0JSJ'fJSS0VTHMAHKErST/i. 




u 




c 



W 



u 



3 



5£ 
O 



217 




The Oldest Hardware House in San Jose— John Stock c<c Sons, S. First St. 




The First Established Florist in San Jose, S. First Street. 




E. H. BouRGuiGNON — Moore Park, San Jose, Cal. 

222 




The RiNALDO Bros. Cigar Store, S. First St., San Jose, Cal. 




BoscHKEN Bros'. Store, S. First St., San Jose, Cal. 



224 




No Percentage Pharmacy— "Mother House" in San Jose— View of the Store Illuminated. 




L, Callish's Drug Store — S. First St., San [ose. 




A, M. McCabe, Hatter, S, First St., San Jose. 

227 




San Jose Hardware Co. — A. E. Holmes — W. San Fernando St. 

228 




W. W. Montague & Co., N. First Street. 




The New York Bakery and Candy Store, S. First St. 

230 




Edwards & Lambkin, Neckwear, Hosiery, Shirts, Gloves, Gents' Furnishings, S. First St, 



231 




Butler Shoe Store, S. First St. 




Ideal Tea Company, E. Santa Clara St. 




Ph. Prudhomme Family, Descendants of Pellier, the Famous French Orchardist of Santa Clara Valley — View of the Property 




Interior of O'Brien's Candy Store, S. First St., San Jose. 




T ssm'-T -^. 



Swiss Hotel, Established in 1855, N. Market St. 

235 




o 




A. Greeninger & Son., Store and Shop, Orchard and Bal Sts. 

239 




240 




The Pacific Coast Business College, San Jose, Cal. 



241 




Cauhape's Stables and Slaughter House in San Jose. 




Mathurin Marie Rimbault and Wife — French Orchardist, Santa Clara Countv. 

242 




Prosper Estrade's Grocery Store — Alameda Road, 
Santa Clara County. 



Prosper Estrade's Residence in his Vineyard, 
Santa Clara County. 




Prosper Estrade and Family, French Vineyardist, Santa Clara County. 



243 




A. Alloggi and Family and Tobacco Store, San Jose, Cal. 



244 



^ntt m. 



Prominent Societies in San 3o$e 



The PhotographB Reproduced in this Article were kindly 
furnished by Bushnell of San Jose. 




-w^s:^ 



246 



HISTORY OF THE ELKS. 

By Krkd. L. Thomas, Esteemed Loyal Knight. 

The history of the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks is indeed a 
beautiful and interesting narrative. An organization seemingly born by 
accident, nurtured by sociability, and sustained in the fullness of its 
strength by the broad principles of Charity, Justice, Brotherly Love, and 
Fidelity, it has worthily grown to be the grandest fraternity ever 
instituted in America. Its history, as in all great undertakings, has 
been replete with trials and tribulations, struggles and efforts ; but the 
soothing hand of Time has smoothed over and conquered all, and 
today it stands as the greatest benefactor of mankind, holding, with 
outstretched arms, the cornucopia of Goodness, from which flows the milk 
of human kindness and the grains of brotherly love upon the aching 
hearts of thousands and thousands of the unfortunate of this earth. 

Early in the fall of 1867, the western breezes carried into the harbor 
of New York an English trading vessel. Upon this ship was a man 
named Charles A. S. Vivian, the son of an English clergyman, who had 
drifted from the straight and narrow path his worthy ancestor had 
traveled, and chosen as his humble walk in life, the vocation of a comic 
singer. Ambition and hope had attracted him from home and turned his 
footsteps toward America. On the afternoon of the day of his arrival, 
he found his way to what was known as the Star Hotel, a very 
respectable, happy-go-lucky resort, kept by John Ireland. The pianist, 
Richard Steirly, was engaged in playing for the singing of some 
gentlemen who had assembled there. After they had finished, Vivian 
volunteered to sing for them, and the richness of his voice and beauty of 
expression at once attracted the attention of the proprietor of the place, 
who requested Vivian to sing again. This Vivian did. 

In the meantime, the proprietor had sent out for Bob Butler, the 
proprietor of the American Theatre on Broadway. Butler listened to the 
splendid rendition of a song, and was so impressed with it that he forthwith 
engaged Vivian for a week. 

His genial nature and kindly manner attracted all to him, and 
Steirly, who had formed a liking for him, invited him to dine with him 

The Author regrets exceedingly his inability to publish several photographs received from the members of the 
Bulks' Society, owing to their having come to hand too late. 

247 



at his boarding-house, which was kept by Mrs. Geisman, at i88 Elm 
Street. Here he met W. L. Bowron, whom he had known in England. 
Vivian was so taken up with the place and those w^ho lived there that he 
took up his permanent residence with them. Mrs, Geisman's house soon 
became a favorite resort for a number of genial souls, among whom were 
several musicians and people connected with the theatrical profession. 
These congenial souls gaihered in the boarding-house parlors to wale 
away the time on Sunday afternoons. It was at one of these meetings 
that Vivian suggested that a more permanent system of government be 
formed. In accordance with Vivian's suggestion, earl}^ in the winter of 
1867-68 those who were in the habit of assembling there formed 
themselves into what they termed the "Jolly Corks." This organization 
consisted of fifteen members. The society soon became very popular 
and increased in membership which taxed the space of the boarding-house 
parlors and more commodious quarters had to be sought. The society 
removed its meeting place to 17 Delancey Street. The society- continued 
to grow in numbers and popularity until each and every member realized 
that a more elegant and enduring name was necessary, and a committee 
was appointed for the purpose of selecting a name for the new order. A 
great deal of discussion was called forth. Vivian, mindful of the 
Buffaloes, a society in England of which he had been a member, advocated 
that name, but as it was to be an organization purely American, others 
insisted on a name as purely American as the order itself was to be. 
Accordingly on the i6th day of February, 1868, the name Elk was 
adopted by a very close vote, and this day and date marks the natal da}- 
of the B. P. O. Elks. After the change in the name the order made 
wonderful strides in growth, until it became necessary- to remove to 
larger quarters on two different occasions, the final move being to the 
Masonic Temple at 596 Broadway. 

It has been the general impression for a number of 3'ears that the 
Elks was an organization given entirely to the theatrical profession, and 
it has been, and was largely so until 1882. At this time it branched out 
into other professions, until now it embraces the bone and sinew of ever}^ 
profession in the land. At the formation of the order it was not given 
entirely to the theatrical profession, and the first intimation of this grew 
out of a benefit given by the order, in 1868, which resulted in the creation 
of more or less dissension within the ranks of the order. This benefit 
was given at the Acadeni}^ of Music in New York Cit^^, and when John 
T. Kent, a clerk, one of the original "Jolh^ Corks,'' applied for admission 
he was informed that none but professionals would be permitted in the 
order. 

248 




San Jose Lodge, No. 522, B. P. O. Elks — for Reference to Names see List Pages 255 to 259. 




San Jose Lodge, No. 522, B. P. O. Elks— for Reference to Xames see List Pages 255 to 2^9. 



250 



The beautiful custom of the Memorial Service, now held by the 
Order on the first Sunday in December of each and every year, received 
its inception in 1870, upon the death of one of the members of the Order,, 
v^hen a Lodge of Sorrow was held. For some time after this upon the 
death of a member this Lodge of Sorrow was held, with the final result that 
it has since developed into the Memorial Day with its beautiful services. 

In 1870, a number of the professionals in the City of Philadelphia 
started a movement to organize a lodge of Elks in that City. New York 
Lodge was an incorporated body and in order that a branch Lodge might 
be organized it became necessary that it should surrender all its rights 
in a Grand Lodge. This was done, and on January ist, 1871, a Grand 
Lodge was formed and by act of Legislature of New York, was given 
power to grant charters to subordinate Lodges. On March loth, 187 1, a 
charter was granted to New York, No. i, B. P. O. Elks, and two days 
later Philadelphia was organized. The growth of the order from this on 
was very slow owing largely to the fact that none but professionals 
might become members. Five years elapsed before another Lodge was 
instituted, and in 1881, but fourteen Lodges existed. In 1882, began the 
marvelous growth of the order. For from the fourteen Lodges of that 
year with their 1,806 members, it has grown to 625 Lodges with 71,000 
members in 1900. 

The '' eleven o'clock" which has become such a marked symbol of 
the Order had its origin in 1868. It had been the custom after festivities 
were over, which was generally about eleven o'clock, for the members to 
arise and without any formal adieu bid one another good-night. George 
McDonald at one of these meetings introduced the formal toast at that 
hour, recalling the touching sentiment ''To Our Absent Brothers," and 
from that day to this, at that hour all over the land, the Elks pause in 
reverence and with uplifted hand recall the memories of their absent 
Brothers. 

It would seem that without a word of the death of Brother Vivian, 
the founder of this great Order, a history of it would be incomplete. His 
death occurred at L^adville, Colorado, on March 20th, 1880, the ultimate 
cause being pneumonia. He was a man universally loved, and his 
funeral which was held under the auspices of the Knights of Pythias, 
there being no Elk Lodge there, was the largest ever held in Leadville. 
In 1889, under the supervision of the Board of Grand Trustees of the 
Elks, and the Boston Lodge, his remains were removed to their final 
resting-place in the beautiful Elk's Rest, Mt. Hope Cemetery, Boston, 
where a monument was raised to his memory; but by far the greatest 
monument left of his life work is the great Brotherhood of Elks. 

251 



By a glance at the foregoing history you will readily see how the 
order has grown. It has succeeded because it deserved success; it has 
grown because of its ennobling principles; it has shed its beneficent light 
over this broad land because of its sterling worth. It has emblazoned 
on its banner mercy and kindness, justice and love, benevolence and 
protection, honor and charity. A mercy that flows from the deepest 
recesses of the heart; a kindness that springs from the fount of human 
sympathy; a justice that weighs in the balance the faults of a brother, 
and a love that writes those faults upon the ever-changing sands of time, 
and virtues upon the everlasting tablets of affection and memory ; a 
benevolence from which falls the honeyed dew of happiness; a protection 
that binds weak and strong into one unbreakable, irresistible chain of 
fraternity ; an honor that holds the family and the home of this brother- 
hood akin to God; a charity that works its good, sheds its benign light, 
and casts its influences for good upon the w^orld without display, in 
darkness or light, in wind or rain, at all seasons of the year. 

It enters the sickroom with a word of cheer and tenderness. It 
gathers around the death-bed, and grasps the emaciated hand of the 
brother who is about to enter the impenetrable, m3^sterious, unknown 
Beyond. And as the icy fingers of Death reach for his heart's chord, it 
seeks to make those last lingering moments one of peace and quiet; and 
when those eyes that once shown with delight are closed in the endless 
sleep of Death, when the hand that once gave out the warmth of 
fellowship is chilled and numb ; when the lights have gone out, it 
comforts those whom he had comforted ; it protects those whom he had 
sheltered and loved, and in the darkest hours of their bereavement it 
comes like a great ray of sunshine breaking into that darkness. It 
shelters the orphan, the widow, and the unfortunate brother overtaken b}- 
adversity. It stands, as a great beacon-light shedding its glorious ra3'S 
upon a troubled sea, guiding the distressed into a haven of safety, a home 
of solace. They have demonstrated to the world that out of sociability 
comes the quintessence of goodness, for behind its genial side there lives 
a love of God, a reverence for our fellow-man. 

The local Lodge of Elks was instituted under the supervision of F. 
L. Gray, D.D.G.E.R., assisted by the San Francisco Lodge, on the 9th 
day of December, 1899. It was instituted under ver}' favorable auspices 
and marked one of the largest times ever had in San Jose. It had a 
charter membership of 116, and Hon. Jackson Hatch was chosen as the 
the presiding officer, which position he occupies at present in a ver}^ 
worthy manner. It has a stead}^ increase in membership until now there 
are upon its rolls 223 members, comprising the leading members of every 
profession and calling. 

252 




San josc Lodge, No. 522, B. P. O. Elks— for Reference to Names see List Pages 255 to 259. 




San Jose Lodge, No. 522, B. P. O. Elks — for Reference to Names see List Pages 255 to 259. Xos. S4 and 96 are 
not members of the San JoseElks, and were placed in this group bv error of Enurav^jr. 



Cf^mcets of San 3os^ ICoigc Mtx. 522 

55. p. #. 3E. 



Joseph R. Patton, Exalted Ruler 

Fred L. Thomas, Esteemed Loyal Knight 

A. J. Mullen, Secretary 

J. A. Edwards, Esquire 

Aug. Menn, Jr., Tyler 

Paul P. Austin, Trustee 

E. H. Bourguignon, Trustee 



E. J. Crawfordj Esteemed Leading Knight 
E. M. Rosenthal, Esteemed Lecturing Knight 
Wm. E. Blauer, Treasurer 
John W. Thomas, Inner Guard 
C. L. Southgate, Chaplain 
Gus Lion, Trustee 
Jackson Hatch, Past E. R. , Delegate to Grand Lodge 



(These addresses are all San Jose, ujless otherwise designated.) 

42— Arguello, J. S., Capitalist, Paul Block 
69— Arques, C. R., Deputy County Clerk, Hotel Vendome 
5— Austin, Paul P., Trustee, 683 S. Second Street 

Alexander, G. W., Salesman, Baker Building 
49— Ballou, Geo. H., Bank Clerk, 484 N. Second Street 
40-Barker, A. M., Dentist, 17 S. First Street 

Barker, G. L., Manager First Street R. R., Moir Building 
99-Barstow, A., Secretary, Cured Fruit Association, 326 N. First Street 

Besse, M., Sheriff, Santa Cruz 
50— Binder, Wm., Architect, Dougherty Building 
71— Black, L. C, Merchant, 94 S. Second Street 

Boschken, W. J., Merchant, 138 S. First Street 
45— Boschken, H. J., Merchant, 138 S. First Street 

8— Bourguignon, E. H., Treasurer, Moorpark Avenue 
79— Bourguignon, F. E., Florist, Moorpark Avenue 

Bowden, Wm. A., Lawyer, Bank S. J. Building 

Bowden, Nicholas, Lawyer, Rea Building 
1 1— Blauer, W. E., Treasurer, G. C. Bank 

Bond, L. W., Merchant, Santa Clara 

Butler, R. J., Merchant, S. Second Street 
So-Bland, H. M., Teacher, Normal School 
75— Bruen, J. H., Clerk, Gilroy 
68— Brooks, Joseph T., Clerk, Hotel Vendome 

Brubaker, J. O., Journahst, San Francisco 

Braslan, C. P., Capitalist, 19 E. San Fernando Street 

Brayton, H. W., Druggist, San Francisco 
51— Brosius, A. F. K., Bookbinder, Knox Block 

Brown, H. C, Physician, Rea Building 

Bryant, D. T., Bank Teller, First National Bank 



255 



• 78— Burke, R. H., Physician, Letitia Building 

64-Bills, Chas. B., Manager Porter Bros., Fourth and Empire Streets 
Bullock, W. H., Teacher, Normal School 
Bridges, H. Swift, Lawyer, Court House 
Burke, John P., Superintendent S. J. & S. C. R. R. Co. 
58— Brandon, F. J., Accountant, 1037 S. First Street 

Blum, M. S., Merchant, 210 Davis Street, San Fi-ancisco 
65-Brockett, I. T., Clerk, 398 S. Fifth Street 

Byerly, H, O., L. & P. Company, 222 Montgomery Street 
56— Caldwell, A. E., Stenographer, Agnew Hospital 
27— CalHsch, Louis, Druggist, 93 S. First Street 

Carrol, J. R., Capitalist, Cor. Market and San Carlos Streets 
Clayton, E. W., Real Estate, 471 N. First Street 
83-Cobb, C. W., Lawyer, Rea Building 
32— Col, Al, County Auditor, Hall of Records 
Caldwell, F. M., Dentist, Stockton 

Chase, E. E., Superintendent, G. C. Can., 340 N. Third Street 
Coolidge, C. C, Lawyer, Court House 
Craven; W. L., Commercial Traveler 
3— Crawford, E. J., Esteemed Leading Knight, The Alameda 
Chambers, A. L., Livery, 130 S. Second Street 
Chase, S. H., Bookkeeper, 100 Montgomery Street 
Campbell, J. H., District Attorney, First and Empire Streets 
Crossman, W. E., Real Estate, Miller & George 
Cottle, F. L., Farmer, Curtner Avenue 
1 01— Cottle, E. E., Deputy City Treasurer, Ninth and San Antonio Streets 
Connelly, Robt. E., Journalist Evening News, S. Second Street 
38— Camm, C. W., San Francisco 
39— Dailey, M. E., Principal, Normal School 

Doer, H. C, N. Y. Bakery, 176 S. First Street 
66-Donahoo, F. L., Ticket Agent, Bush and San Fernando Streets 
Duffy, J. B., Santa Fe R. R. Co., San Francisco 
Dunlop, G. T., Real Estate, Gilroy 
Davy, J. W., Dentist, Auzerais Building 
De'Ablaing, F. W., Musician, 30 E. Santa Clara Street 
Dreschmeyer, H., Brick Manufacturer, 1104 S. Third Street 
Davis, Roy V., Druggist, 11 CHnton Place 
Dornberger, H. L., Teacher Normal School 
10— Edwards, J. A., Esquire, 78 S. First Street 
47-Estey, F. H., Sedaha Lodge, Mo., No. 125 
Eaton, A. C, Bank Teller, Bank of San Jose 
91-Ehrhorn, E. M., Bug Inspector, Mt. View 

Fasset, T. A. K., S. P. R. R., 65 S. Eleventh Street 
48— Fenton, John 

Figel, Fred, Orchardist, Santa Clara 
87— Flannery, D. J., Rev. Agent, Hotel St. James 
18-Foss, W. F., Real Estate, 45 W, Santa Clara Street 
88— Gussefeldt, Wm., Merchant Tailor, 35 W. Santa Clara Street 
41— Gates, H. B., Physician, Porter Building 

Hale, O. A., Merchant, 140 S. First Street 
86-Halford, J. T., Real Estate, 16 N. Second Street 

Halsey, T. V., Superintendent, Tel. Co., San Francisco 
I 5-Hart, A. J., Merchant, Market and Santa Clara Streets 
Hatch, Jackson, Lawyer, Rea Building 
Haydock, C, R. R. Co., Los Angeles 
98-Henry, L., Theatrical Agent 

Hirsch, Leon, Milliner, 46 S. First Street 

256 



Hobson, Thad. W,, Merchant, ^o W. Santa Clara Street 

Hogan, T. C, Printer, 138 Santa Teresa Street 

Hogg, C. H., Lawyer, Knox Block 
93-Hocking, A. J., Undertaker, 117 S. First Street 

Howes, Geo. A., Bookkeeper, 236 E, Santa Clara Street 
57— Humburg, H., Carpet Cleaner, Fourteenth and Santa Clara Streets 

Harrison, C. A., Hotel Proprietor, San Francisco 
36— Hambly, F. J., Lawyer, Safe Deposit Bank 

Hersey, T., Orchardist, West Side 

Hyland, M. H., Superior Judge, 444 N. First Street 

Hinklebein, W. J., Clerk, 45 River Street 
22— Henry, W. E., Rancher, The Alameda 

Hobson, Wm. B., Merchant, 154 S. Second Street 

Haas, D. L., 411 S. Second Street 
89— Hirth, Geo., Tinner, 249 S. Fourth Street 

Holman, Alfred, Journalist, Mercury Office 

Hancock, J, E., Teacher, 37 South Ninth Street 
63— Irish, H. E., Santa Cruz 

Jobson, E. C, End Man, 26 S. First Street 

Johnson R. R., Orchardist, The Alameda 

Johnson, S. E. , Orchardist, The Alameda 
55-Kayser, A., Clerk, 74 S. First Street 

Kidward, J. A., Chief of Police, 20 E. San Fernando Street 
26— King, F. Louis, Prof., 259 N. Second Street 
92— Knickerbocker, E., Iceman, 88 N. First Street 

Knowles, A. B., Dairyman, Fifth and Empire Streets 

Koch, Valentine, Merchant, 91 Delmas Avenue 
44-Kocher, J. J., Jeweler, 15 S. First Street 
43— Kocher, J. R.. Jeweler, 15 S. First Street 
28— Kooser, N. B., Lawyer, 508 Montgomery Street 

Kooser, R. S., Clerk, 114 S. Second Street 

Knox, C. W., Bank Clerk, 130 E. St. James Street 

Kraus, A., Merchant, 548 S. Ninth Street 

Kelley, Jas. V., Capitalist 

Kron, H. F., Tanner, Santa Cruz 
102— Ladd, D. R., Hotel Clerk, St. James Hotel 
76— Leet, Wm. J., Real Estate, Rea Building 

Lenzen, W. F., Merchant, 222 Park Avenue 

Lenzen, T. W., 927 Market Street, San Francisco 

Lion, Emile, Merchant, 94 S. Second Street 

14— Lion, Ernest, Merchant, 94 S. Second Street 

2— Lion, Gus, Trustee, Third and Julian Streets 

35— Lion, H. J., Merchant, 121 E. Juhan Street 

37— Lambkin, J. B., Merchant, 78 S. First Street 

Lindsay, C. E., Hotel Proprietor, Santa Cruz 

Loeb, G., Merchant, 18 S. First Street 

Lundin, T. C, Cutter, 470 E. Third Street 

Lotz, Jos. A., County Treasurer, 116 S. Ninth Street 

Lumbard, G. B., Clerk, 496 S. Second Street 
23— Lorigan, W. G., Superior Judge, 408 S. Fifth Street 
29— Langford, R. J., Sheriff, 850 S. Third Street 

Marten, A. H., Merchant, 293 S. Second Street 
13-Martin, C. J., Mayor, 296 S. Third Street 

i7_Martin, H, J., Secretary PoHce and Fire Commission, City Hall 
6-Menn, Jr., Aug., Tyler, 167 W. Santa Clara Street 

Mac Bride, C. G. H., Capitalist, Alum Rock Avenue 
33-McGraw, D. F., Dentist, 36 S. First Street 

257 



1 6— McGeoghegan, T . J. , City Treasurer, City Hall 

McKenney, A. C, Druggist, Hilo, H. I. 
95-Michaels, E. 

Moore, Fred W., Merchant, Lenzen Avenue 
60-Morehouse, H. v.. Attorney., 508 Montgomery Street 
3 I— Murgotten, Alex. P., Printer and Publisher, 24 N. Second Street 

Meisterheim, Chas. L., Plumber, 249 S. Fourth Street 
52-Moore, O. T., Merchant, Gilroy 

May, Geo. B., Hay Dealer, 403 N. Third Street 
2i-Macaulay, ]. W., Accountant, 93 Hobson Street 
82-Moody, E. A., Renovator, 259 N. First Street 
9-Mullen, Al. J., Secretary Elks, 44 N. Ninth Street 

Murphy, Martin, Capitalist, 340 N. Third Street 

Mayock, S. J., Real Estate, Gilroy 

Nash, Dr. D. E., Dentist, Ryland Building 

Navelet, C. C, Florist, First and San Fernando Streets 
59— Norton, R. E., Journalist, 1335 Golden Gate Avenue, San Francisco 

Noble, W. N., Capitalist, 424 N. Third Street 
67— Osborne, J. S., Oil Capitahst, Call Building, San Francisco 

Owens, Fred, Merchant, 128 S. First Street 
74— Osterman, Wm., Grain Merchant, Hotel St. James 
85— O'Keefe, J. F., Secretary Oak Hill Cemetery 
24— O'Neal, Louis, Lawyer, 249 S. Second Street 

O'Keefe, F. H., Commercial Traveler, 195 W. St. James Street 

Peoples, H. B. Sacramento 
6i-Perren, W. E., Dentist, 28 W. San Fernando Street 
97— Phelps, J. R., Stenographer, 27 S. First Street 

Piper, J. W., Capitalist, Hotel Vendome 

Patton, J. R., Attorney, Auzerais Building 
8i-Pellier, E. J., Artist, 183 W. St. James Street 

Pfister, H. C, 117 E. San Fernando Street 

Parker, J. M., Clerk, Moorpark Avenue 

Perrin, F. W., Dentist, 64 S. Tenth Street 

Perrin, M. D., Thos. A., 64 S. Tenth Street 

Parkman, H. L., Superintendent Cir. Evening News, 239 San Augustine 
20-Rea, E. M., Lawyer, Rea Building 

Rea, Jas. W., Real Estate, Rea Building 
77— Reid, R. H., Physician, Hilo, Hawaiian Islands 

Rogers, W. J., Councilman, 141 Delmas Avenue 
4— Rosenthal, E. M., Esteemed Lecturing Knight, Rea Building 
I— Ryland, Jos. "R., Ex. Leading Knight, Hotel St. James 

Rankin, W. B., Wine Grower, Los Gatos 

Rea, Geo. E., Supervisor, Gilrov 

Ryder, Wm. G., Jeweler, 356 S. Second Street 

Ryland, Chas. B., Orchardist, 72 N. Eighth Street 
34-Rhodes, E. L., Attorney, Auzerais Building 

Riddle, J. W., Merchant, Los Gatos 
72— Sage, L. A., Hotel Proprietor, Saratoga 
loo-Sanford, F. C, Deceased 

Schubert, A. V., Musician, 85 S. First Street 

Shumate, A. E., Prof., Principal, San Jose High School 
54-Shedden, Geo. S., Drug Clerk. 56 N. Ninth Street 

Sheets, Dr. C. A., Hotel Vendome 

Shell, Geo. P., Hotel Manager, Hotel \^endome 
73— Spitzer, L. A., County Assessor, Court House 

Staffler, Geo,, Merchant, Santa Cruz 

Southgate, C. L., Proprietor Troy Laundry, 76 Pierce Avenue 

258 



1 9-Stephenson, J. F., Druggist, Cor. Second and Santa Clara Streets 
25-Sterling, E. T., Banker, Security Savings Bank 
53-Schemmel, H. L., Prof, of Music, Porter Building 

Smith, E. M., Dairyman, 119 Empire Street 

Sargent, B. V., Lawyer, Salinas 

Sargent,' J. A., Salinas 

Schumacher, F., Dentist, 52 S. First Street » 

Stevens, Harry A., Dentist, Ryland Building 

Seifert, Geo. W., Physician, Letitia Building 

Schwartz, Burt I., Clerk, 267 E. St. James Street 

Saddler, J. W., Clerk, 30 S. Fifth Street 
7— Thomas, Fred L., Esteemed Loyal Knight, 13 S. First Street 
12-Thomas, J. W., Inner Guard, T05 S. First Street 
70— Turel, G., Clerk, 169 Orchard Street 

62— Thwaits, R. T., Hotel Proprietor, Bassett and Market Streets 
46-Van Dalsen, Wm., Physician, Porter Building 

Varcoe, John, Under-Sheriff, Court House 

Wallace, J. T., Justice of the Peace, 74 S. Fifth Street 

Walsh, P. M., Merchant, 394 W. Fernando Street 
30-Woodrow, W. L., Undertaker, 117 S. First Street 

Worswick, G. D., Manager Pine Box Manufacturing Co., 75 Fox Avenue 
90-Wray, H. G. H., Hotel Clerk, Capitola 

Wright, C. D., Lawyer, Sweigert Building 

Waste, J. W., Druggist, Agnews 

Williams, Chas. W., Journalist, 78 S. Second Street 

Worral, Geo. H., Dentist, Santa Clara 

Wright, Theo. M., Printer, 64 Webster Street, East San Jose 

Woldenberg, R. L., Moir Building 



iUppl^nit^nt. 



Leanord, J. j. C, Santa Cruz 
Hopkins, Milo C, Santa Cruz 
Langford, Arthur B., Insurance Solicitor, 



16 W. Santa Clara Street 




Residence of Alphonse Lorentz, San Jose. 

259 



Som^ of titc ^rcnclt pioneers ot San Jose 




Felix Sourisseau, native of Marmande, France, arrived in 

California with his father in February 1849, 

and established in San Jose 

since 1850. 



Doctor Jacques Savidan, native of Saini Gilles, Le? Bois, 
France, decorated bv Napoleon with the Order of 
Crimea, as a warrior of Sebastopol, the Doctor 
is the first Veterinars' Surgeon estab- 
lished in San fuse. 






Mrs. Doctor Jacques Savidan, nee Sourisseau, who joined 
her father, Felix Sourisseau, in San Jose in 1S52. 



Miss Marie [osephine Savidan, Graduate from 
the French School. 





ierre Baltz, native of Alsace, well known busi- 
ness man in early days of San Jose. 



Mrs. Pierre Baltz, Native of Alsace. 





X 




IFrancois Quement, nephew of Doctor Savidan. 



Pierre Magendie, Vice-President of the French National 
Celebration, Fall of the Bastile, in 1900 at San Jose. 



261 





A. J. Minjoulet, Vice-President of the French 

National Celebration, Fall of the Bastile, 

in 1899, at San Jose. 



Henry Gaignaire. 








Emile Coffe. 
Born in San Jose in 1881. 



Auguste Millot, the Typical French Vineyardist of 
Almaden, Santa Clara Countv. 



262 








Jean Sibers Family, Santa Clara County. 







Mr. & Mrs. Jean Auguste Richier, San Jose. 





Mrs. Renee T. Lagrue, San Jose. 



Angousture Family, Santa Clara County. 



263 




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I I I I I I ! ) • M ' I I I 



SHORT HISTORICAL SKETCH OF THE SANTA CLARA 

COUNTY PIONEERS. 

By W. D. J. Hambi^y, Acting Secretary. 

This society was first called into existence as an associated body 
about Saturday, May 29tli, 1875, b^^ a meeting of a number of Pioneer 
residents in the rooms of the Agricultural Society, in Music Hall 
Building, San Jose. 

The meeting was organized by Carey Peebles being chosen President 
pro tem, and A. P. Murgotten, Secretary. The President briefly stated 
that the object of the meeting was to form an association for social 
intercourse, and to hold an annual reunion of the Pioneer residents of 
the County, who had arrived in the State in 1853 or earlier, who were 
residents of Santa Clara County. 

The first act of the meeting was to appoint Col. Younger, Judge 
Rhodes, John Trimble, Judge Davis Devine and John M. Murphy, a 
committee on permanent organization, to draft Constitution and By-Laws 
for the government of the association, and report the same at the first 
reunion and picnic, which was set for Tuesday, June 22nd, at O'Donnell's 
Gardens, corner of William and 9th Sts., San Jose, that date and place 
being selected by the meeting. 

On motion C. B. Hensley, Chas. White, Albert Campbell, Ed. 
A^ounger and A. P. Murgotten were appointed an executive committee, 
with power to appoint sub-committees and to perfect arrangements. 

The following pioneer residents of the County who were present, by 
resolutions adopted became members of the temporary organization, and 
were appointed a committee to assist in the permanent organization, they 
thereby being the original members of the first Pioneer Association of 
Santa Clara County : -Judge A. L. Rhodes, S. A. Bishop,* Isaac 
Branham,* J. M. Murphy,* John Trimble,* A. Pfister, John Selby, C. W. 
Pomeroy, T. E. Beans, C. T. Ryland,* A. P. Murgotten, J. Q. A. Ballon, 
Thos. Rea, Dr. Bryant,* Dr. L. H. Bascom,* Wm. Rucker,* Capt. J. H. 
Adams,* Capt. Jos. Aram, Carey Peebles,* J. J. Owen,* Dr. Langhorne,* 
W. A. January, Dudley Wells, F. C. Franck, Geo. Cross, J. M. Billings, 
R. K. Ham,* J. H. Morgan,* B. D. Murphy, Frank Lewis,* R. B. 
Buckner,* P. G. Keith, Phil McCabe,* I. N. Graham,* F. B. Murdock,* 

265 



Col. Younger,* D. E. Miller, S. O. Houghton, Thos. Campbell, S. Q. 
Brougliton, Oscar Reeves, Henry Reeves, J. P. Martin,* H. Shartzer,* J. 
H. Cornthwaite, David Hobson, B. S. Branham, Davis Devine,* Daniel 
Murphy,* George Hobson,* Thos. Bodley,* George Givens, Maj. H.J. 
Bradley, S. B. Emerson, Isaac Hattabaugh, J. H. A. Mason,* C. Hobbs,* 
Wm. O'Donnell,* Chas. Clark, Ed. Younger, C. B. Hensley,* A. L. 
Bascom,* Wm. Boone,* Jeff Bailey and Chas. E. White.* 

A general invitation was extended to the pioneer residents and old 
settlers to unite with the association, and thus was given life to the 
Santa Clara Pioneers ; an association of men whose toils, privations, 
perils and indomitable spirit, in conjunction with tact, judgment and 
energy, and an ever-expressed desire by both word and act to improve the 
condition of man, elevate the human race, and give to posterity upon the 
Pacific Coast one of the greatest states in the Union, which will ever 
remain a monument to that grand spirit of enterprise and daring that 
ever inspires true pioneer men and women such as they were : while many 
have passed on to the higher life, their lives show man}- noble acts of 
kindness that are green spots in the memories of their associates and 
neighbors who are still with us. 

The next stage in the growth of this society, was at the meeting 
held on June 22nd, 1875, at O'Donnell's Garden, where a Constitution 
and By-Laws were adopted and officers elected ; and a membership of 274, 
with initiation fee at $2.00, was obtained. The society had a membership 
in 1877 of nearly 500. 

That all may fully understand the purposes for which the society 
was organized, and the conditions required to be a member thereof, we 
will give two articles of the Constitution: — Article I., Sec i. Name; 
Article I., Sec. 2: Its objects are to cultivate social intercourse, and to 
form a more perfect union among its members ; to create a fund for 
charitable purposes ; to form a library and cabinet ; and to collect and 
preserve information concerning its members, and the settlement and 
history of this state. 

Article II., Sec. i. Members of this societv shall consist onlv of 
those persons who were residents of this state prior to the twenty-second 
day of June, 1855, and are now or have been residents of Santa Clara 
County. (This section later on was amended to read Dec. 31st, 1S53 ' 

The first officers of the society who were elected on this date, were 
Judge A. L. Rhodes, President ; John ]\I. Murphy and P. O. Minor, \"'ice- 
Presidents ; A. P. Murgotten, Secretar}^ ; John H. IMoore, Treasurer ; Col. 
Younger, Davis Devine, John Trimble, A. Pfister, Care}^ Peebles and B. 



"Deceased. 

266 



D. Murphy, Directors. Thus was completed the organization of the 
Society of Santa Clara County Pioneers. It flourished for nine years, 
during which time the membership had become quite large. The annual 
reunions, picnics and barbecues were noted as the leading social occasions 
in the community. 

The society never procured a hall or building of its own, or accum- 
ulated anything of great financial value. That magnet of power that 
tends to draw together and bind, that force that surpasses all others — 
material worth in resources and revenues of labor and trade — Wealth. 
Death claimed many of the most earnest members, and dissension, the 
outgrowth of individual ambition and self-interest, soon destroyed social 
interest. The meetings became further apart, and finally we find from 
the records, that on Nov. 25th, 1884, a committee of the Native Sons 
visited a meeting of the officers and directors of the Pioneers, having 
received an invitation to come. This committee consisted of Ed Younger, 
A. F. Hoehner, H. J. Bradley, J. W. Ryland and F. M. Pfister, and asked 
that the Board place the cabinet and other property of the society in their 
care, they (the Native Sons) to take good care of everything until such 
time as the Pioneers should want them, when they would be returned on 
demand. A resolution prevailed granting the request of the Native Sons, 
also donating to Col. Younger the Elk Horns, and to A. P. Murgotten the 
Secretary's desk, and that the rest of the furniture, carpets, etc., be sold, 
and that the President and Secretary pay all debts. With a vote of thanks 
to the Board and Officers of the Society, an adjournment was taken to 
the call of the President. 

Thus ends the Record and historical portion of the original Society 
of Pioneers of Santa Clara County. We regret very much that such was 
the fate of the society, especially when composed of that class of persons 
who had faced almost all the dangers and obstacles met with in the lives 
of frontier men and pioneering, and had gained victory over all. But it 
seemed that the spirit still lived, for after a rest of nearl}^ ten years, there 
was awakened a spirit among those whom the Reaper had not called over 
the Divide to higher land and life, to see what could be done at reorgan- 
ization. There was a longing for that clasp of the hand, that association 
and communion that brought back those old memories, that seemed to 
revive a wish for the old times that had gone ; a desire to meet old friends 
whose toils and burdens, and accumulation of years, and distance between 
the homes had forbidden them from enjo^ang the pleasures that were 
enjoyed in the old society, its meetings and reunions, when duty demanded 
that they lay aside the toils of every-day life, and for pleasure seek. 

Consequently, on May 19, 1894, a few of the Old Guard met, and the 

267 



initial step was taken to reorganize and rehabilitate the Society of Santa 
Clara Connty Pioneers, and from that meeting has grown the present 
society, whose personnel is composed of many who were members in the 
old society, with the addition of others who had not connected themselves 
with the older association, or have located in the county since its adjourn- 
ment. And there still remains a large number who should come within 
the fold. 

Upon this date a number of Pioneer residents met. The meeting was 
presided over by J. A. Wilcox, and A. P. Murgotten acted as Secretary 
pro tem. Some twenty-five or thirty were present. The following pioneers 
were appointed by the chair to draft a Constitution and By-laws, and report 
-at next meeting, June ist, 1894: Homer Prindle, Dr. J. P. Dudle\', J. C. 
Bland, Geo. Cross and Mrs. A, Younger. 

They reported a code of laws at the next meeting, which were adopted 
by the pioneers present, who became charter members of the new organ- 
ization. The following officers were then elected for the ensuing 3'ear : 
President, D. J. Porter ; Vice-Presidents, Mrs. L.J. Watkins, and J. Coyken- 
dall ; Secretary, A. P. Murgotten; Treasurer, B. D. Murphy. The laws 
did not call for any directors. 

The following became charter members : D. J. Porter,* J. Co3'kendall, 
Mrs. L. J. Watkins, A. P. Murgotten, B. D. Murphy, H. Prindle, Geo. 
Evans, Page Hollister, W. L. Manley, Mrs. E. M. Keyes, :Mrs. S. L. K. 
-Goodrich, Mrs. P. A. Kidd, Geo. Cross. Mrs. A. Younger. J. C. Bland,"*" 
Dr. J. P. Dudley,* Capt. Jos. Aram,* M. Schellinberger, J. B. Church, 
Mrs. L. C. Auzerais, A. C. Bowen,* Mrs. B. H. Cottle, Mrs. J. F. Light- 
stone,* Wm. Quinn, C. S. Crydenwise, W. H. Pyle, F. A. :\Ialeck, O. 
Stevens, S. G. Kimball, J. E. Gordon, P. Monahan, J. M. Smith, D. 
Williams,* J. Babcock,* N. Hall, G. H. Bose, J. M. Kennedy, Saml. 
Longley, W. A. Januar}^ Stephen Holmes,* Mrs. R. A'. Wheeler, B. 
Burt,^ Thos. Williams,^ G. W. Hoffman, Mrs. M. A. Saunders, Wm. 
Newsome, B. H. Gordon, H. J. Ward,^ Chas. Nichols, Mrs. E. P. Ander- 
son, A.J. Fowler, D. H. Bartlett,"^ J. Jacquelin, Airs. E. F. Amidon,"^ E. 
Doty, and Mary E. Bose.'^ 

This society held monthly reunions, and continued to increase in 
membership for the year. The second set of officers elected in June '95 
were: J. Coykendall, President; Mrs. L. J. Watkins, ist A^ice-President ; 
and Geo. Cross, 2nd Vice-President; A. P. Murgotten, Secretary, and A. 
King, Treasurer. 

In '96, the following pioneers were selected b}^ the Pioneers as their 
officers: J. Co^^kendall, President; Mrs. R. T. O'Hanlon and Geo. 

268 




OFFICERS SANTA CLARA COUNTY PIONEERS. 

I Jas. B. Leaman, President. 2 Wm. D. J. Hambly, Secretary. 3 Lewis Amies Spitzer, Treasurer. 

4 Alfred R. Woodhams, ist Vice-President. 5 J. W. Hines, 3d Vice-President. 

Financial Committee: — 6 — ^J. B. Church, Chairman; 7 — Page Hollister, 8 — Albert Schroder. 

269 



PROMINENT PIONEERS SANTA CLARA COUNTY. 




Jas. M. Quizey. 



Geo. H. Briggs Mrs. Virginia E. Murphy. Germain Pillot. 



PROMINENT PIONEERS SANTA CLARA COUNTY. 




Wm. H. Eddy. 
Mrs. E. P. Anderson, ad Vice-President 
Santa Clara County Pioneers. 



s ! 



Mrs. Willis. 



270 



Evans, Vice-Presidents ; A. P. Murgotten, Secretary, and D. J. Porter, 
Treasurer. 

The officers for '97 and '98 were pioneers J. E. Gordon, President; 
Mrs. P. Herold and Page Hollister, Vice-Presidents; A. P. Murgotten, 
Secretary; and D. J. Porter, Treasurer. 

For the year '98 and '99 the following pioneers were selected to 
govern the body: David Wright, President; Mrs. R. T. O'Hanlon and 
Mrs. P. Herold, Vice-Presidents; A. P. Murgotten, Secretary, and D. J. 
Porter, Treasurer. The society now having reached about 100 members. 

At the annual reunion and picnic at Alum Rock Park, on June 24th, 
1899, the following pioneers were elected to direct the affairs for one year: 
J. B. Church, President; Geo. Evans and Mrs. R. T. O'Hanlon, Vice- 
Presidents; W. D.J. Hambly, Secretary, and L. A. Spitzer, Treasurer. 

From this date the present society began to prosper. In the next 
six months over 100 members were added to the roll. On the occasion 
of the next annual reunion at Agricultural Park, June 23rd, 1900, J. B. 
Leaman was elected as President, A. R. Woodhams ist Vice-President; 
Mrs. E. P. Anderson, 2nd Vice-President; W. D. J. Hambly re-elected 
Secretary, and L. A. Spitzer re-elected Treasurer. 

By the earnest work of this set of officers, the laws governing the 
society were revised for the better government of all. In the revision 
one more vice-president was added. These six officers, with the Finance 
Committee of three, compose the Executive Board, who transact the 
business of the society between the quarterly meetings. They meet the 
last Saturday of every month. The first Board consisted of Pioneers 
President, J. B. Leaman; ist Vice-President, A. R. Woodhams; 2nd Vice- 
President, Mrs. E. P. Anderson; 3rd Vice-President, J. W. Hines ; Secretary 
W. D. J. Hambly; Treasurer L. A. Spitzer; Finance Committee, J. B. 
Church, Page Hollister, and Albert Schroder. 

Two progressive movements have been inaugurated by this Board. 
The first is a co-operative action on the part of the pioneers and the 
parlors of Native Sons and Native Daughters, to procure a proper location 
and erect or lease a building for joint occupancy, to be open every day, 
with parlors, reading-room and all other such apartments as are necessary 
for the business and enjoyment of those associated. 

The other proposition is the establishment of an auxiliary association 
to the Pioneers, to be be known as the Sons and Daughters of California 
Pioneers, to be composed of the descendants of pioneer residents prior to 
1853. Both the above are movements in the interest of growth and better 
social conditions of all concerned, and would be of great influence in 
binding those societies in closer companionship and interest. 

271 



The closing chapter of the present history of Santa Clara County 
Pioneers, for the time being is near. While time is moving on, and we drop 
by the wayside every once in a while, there remains a large and fine body 
of the old boys and girls still making themselves known and felt, which 
was evidenced in December, 1899, and September, 1900, on the first 
half-century celebrations of the birth of the State and its admission into 
the Union, the first occasion being in San Jose, and the second in San 
Francisco. 

On June 29th, 1901, this society entrusted its government for 
another year to the following ofiicers : President, J. B. Leaman ; re-elected 
ist Vice-President, A. R. Woodhams ; re-elected 2nd Vice-President, ]\Irs. 
E. P. Anderson; 3rd Vice-President, Mrs. E. W. Simons; Secretar}^, W. 
D. J. Hambly ; re-elected Treasurer, L. A. Spitzer ; Finance Committee — 
J. W. Hines, Dr. Robt. Caldwell and J. B. Church. 

The society begins the eighth year of its reorganization with a 
membership of 457 — 253 active members, 175 associated. The wives and 
husbands of active members, who do not pay dues, and 29 honorary 
members, widows of deceased members, and others not eligible b}' reason 
of date of arrival, but who have rendered valuable service to the societ}^, 
etc. There are in this county pioneer residents w^ho have not joined the 
society, numbering 200 or more, from whom there should be a large 
addition to the membership obtained by active work of members. 

This ends a short sketch of the history of a society that should have 
its companion society in every county, composed of men and women who 
were the enterprising, self-reliant, fearless argonauts of 50 years ago. 

It seems as a dream when we look back through the vista of 50 
years, and contrast that semi-barren, unsettled condition of the country 
comprising this now great State. So great has been the transformation, 
the natural topography, has undergone such remarkable changes both in 
forest and on plain. Wild game could be killed where the Palace Hotel 
now stands in San Francisco, and where the Victory Theatre is located 
in San Jose, showing the march of civilization ; and these conditions were 
begun by many who today are our honored associates in the societies of 
California Pioneers in the different counties, the largest of an}^ outside of 
San Francisco being that of Santa Clara Count}', a bod}^ of men and 
women who are bound together b}' the bonds of social friendship 
unencumbered by any religious dogmas, or political party partnership, 
but who believe in the good they have done and can do now, as a body or 
individually, being liberal in all things ; whose standard of character is 
measured by the results of effort, and whose every aspiration is the 
uplifting and betterment of mankind. 

212 



Eist of Members of th^ B^anfa ^lutu Counttj 



B^lOtt^^t^ 



ioci^tii* 



Name Address Year 

Auzerais, Mrs. L. C, 145 E. San Carlos. . .1853 

Anderson, Mrs. E. P., 458 S. Fifth St 1849 

Abeel, W. F. & Mrs., Northrup St 1852 

Archer, L., Keyes & Senter Sts . 1853 

Alexander, J R. and Mrs. ,316 Seventh St . 1852 
Aram, Mrs. Joseph, -■• 274 E. St. John St. . . 

Adams, Mrs. J. H ,* Willows 

Ayer, Mrs Samuel,"^ Milpitas 

Adams, Wm. H., Mt. Hamilton 1852 

Barthel, M. and Mrs., 140 N. Ninth St 1850 

Bose, G. H. , P. O. Box 725 1848 

Briggs, Geo. H. and Mrs., West Side 1850 

Boring:, S. W. and Mrs., 1042 S. First St.. . 1849 
Brohaska, Gus and Mrs., 124 Delmas Ave.1851 
Byron, Geo. & Mrs., 274 W. San Salvador 1849 
Ballon, J. Q. A. and Mrs., Milpitas Road . 1849 

Bell, L F. and Mrs., 246 Vine St 1850 

Benson, S. G. and Mrs., East San Jose .... 1852 
Brenan, Jos.&Mrs., Northrup & Pinta Sts . 1852 

Brown, W. D. and Mrs., 93 Colfax St 1849 

Bailey, Rev. A.M. and Mrs., College Park 1852 
Blakslee, G. H. and Mrs., 406 Senter St . . . 1853 
Butenuth, F. W , Pedro and Northrup Sts. 1853 

Bailey, D. C, 446 N. Fifth St 1851 

Barnes, Mrs. M. C, 62 S. Third St 1852 

Burrell, Martha A., Wrights 1852 

Blanchard, David ly., 590 N. Fourth St. . . 1849 
Bland, Mrs. J. C. (widow), 93 E. S. Fern'do 
Bowen, Mrs. A.C. (widow), 144 S. Ninth St. 

Bicknell, Mrs. S. A.,* 42 S. First St 

Blythe, Mrs. S., 479 S. Tenth St 1852 

Burgess, Abby L., East San Jose 1852 

Brimblecom, F. A., Santa Clara 1852 

Church, J. B. , Cor. Fourteenth & St. James . 1852 
Church, Mrs. J. B.,* " 

Crydenwise, C. S. & Mrs., 243 E. St. John. 1850 
Coykendall, Joel and Mrs., 362 Senter St. .1852 

Cottle, Mrs. B. H., 847 Orchard St 1849 

Coil, Alex, 156 N. Fifth St 1850 

Crawford, H. A., 196 Montgomery St 1853 

Crites, William and Mrs., 220 S. Ninth St. 1849 
Coombs, W. Iv. and Mrs., 90 N. Fifth St. . 1852 

Coomer, I. J. and Mrs., Fruit Dale 1850 

Caldwell, Geo. and Mrs., 94 N. Sixth St . . 1853 
Coomer, J. H. and Mrs., Northrup&Pedro . 1850 

Campbell, Benj. and Mrs., Campbell 1846 

Chipman, LJ. & Mrs., 416 E. S. Salvador.1853 
Conmy, J. J. and Mrs. , 139 Autumn St ... . 1851 
Challen, J. H. and Mrs., 1023 S. Tenth St. 1852 
Crane, J. R. and Mrs., 490 Orchard St. . . .1852 
Cooke, C. W. and Mrs , 1024 S. Tenth St. . 1849 
Caldwell, Dr.Robt.&Mrs., 340 S. SecondSt.1853 
Churchhill, S W. & Mrs., 261 N. Fourth St. 1852 
Cook, C. C. 714 Fourteenth St 1852 



Name Address Year 

Cross, Geo., lyundy Lane 1846 

Cory, Mrs. S. A., 435 S. Second St 1849 

Chapman, J. C, 81 Pierce Ave 1852 

Carrick, John, Calaveras Valley 1850 

Curtiss, H. H., 29 Montgomery St 1850 

Chew, Alfred, Evergreen 1853 

Coulee, J. M., Milpitas 1852 

Doty, (E.) or H. and Mrs., Campbell 1851 

Dixon, Isaac and Mrs., P. O. Box 684 1849 

Doerr, Philip and Mrs , Fourth & William . 1853 

Duanes, A. D., 151 N. Fourth St 1849 

Duanes, Mrs. A. D., 151 N. Fourth St 1852 

Desimone, Chas., 155 S. Third St 1852 

Dunn, Capt. F., Lawrence Station 1852 

Drew, Cornelius, 93 Auzerais Ave 1853 

Dudley, Mrs. J. P. (widow), Almaden Road 
Evans, Geo. and Mrs , 182 S'ta Teresa St. 1852 

Estes, W. J. and Mrs., 241 S. Ninth St 1850 

Evarts, C. H. and Mrs., McKee Road 1852 

Evans, F. M. and Mrs., Milpitas 1850 

Egan, Thos., 461 San Pedro St 1850 

Eddy, A. H. and Mrs., 761 S. Second St. .1853 
Frankenberger, Joel, 23 S. Fourth St. .'. . .1850 

Foster, Vincent and Mrs., Los Gatos 1849 

Fowler, J. D. and Mrs., San Luis Obispo. .1853 
Fogarty, Jas. and Mrs., 307 Delmas Ave. . .1852 
Goodrich, Mrs. S. L. K., 346 N. First St. .1850 

Gordon, B. H. and Mrs., Milpitas. 1849 

Gould, G. S. and Mrs., 331 S. Ninth St 1853 

Givens, C. T. and Mrs., 396 Keyes St 1852 

Gruwell, F. M. and Mrs., East San Jose . .1849 

Glein, Philip and Mrs., Santa Clara 1850 

Gordon, J. E., San Francisco 1849 

Gish, D. E., 42 S. First St 1849 

Gallimore, Mrs. Mary P., College Park. . .1852 

Herrold, P,* 248 N. Third St 

Herrold, Mrs. P., 248 N. Third St 1853 

Hambly, W.D.J, and Mrs., 45 S. Seventh. . 1852 
Hollister, Page and Mrs., 451 S. Fifth St. .1852 
Hobson, D. J. and Mrs., 454 Delmas Ave. .1849 
Hough, M.J. & Mrs., Senter Road, box 61.1852 
Hughes, Thos.M. & Mrs., 451 N. Fifth St. 1852 

Hines, J. W. and Mrs., College Park 1853 

Hamilton, Robt. and Mrs., 143 Martha St. 1855 
Huntington, G. H. and Mrs., Story Road. 1855 
Harding, Robt. and Mrs., East San Jose. .1852 
Hamlin, Alpheus and Mrs., 27 Grant St.. . 1849 

Hoffman, Geo. W., 65 Union St 1852 

Hildreth, Mrs. Thos., 350 S. Third St 1853 

Herrington, D. W., 555 S. Second St 1850 

Home, Mrs. S. F., Santa Clara 1852 

Hollis, W. H., 785 S. Second St 1850 

Henning, Mrs. C. A., Almaden Road. 1852 

Harris, Thos., Morgan Hill 1849 



273 



Name Address Year 

Hewitt, Mrs. A. C, Willow 1849 

Humphrey, Milton, 77 Lenzen Ave 1852 

Humphrey, Lucretia T,, 77 Lenzen Ave. . . 1852 

Hatch, Isaac A., S. Fifth St. 1849 

Hiues, Geo. E., 30 N. San Pedro St 1853 

Howell, Carroll, Lincoln Ave 1852 

Ives, C. G. and Mrs., Milpitas 1851 

January, W.A. and Mrs., 418 S. Second St. 1849 
Jacqulin, Jos. and Mrs., 383 W.S.Fern'do. .1852 
Johnston, S. N. and Mrs., 80 N. Eighth St.1853 

Jacobs, J, K. , 356 Marliere St 1849 

Jackson, Isabella, 320 N. Seventh St 1849 

Jefferson, Geo. H , 496 E. St. John 1852 

Kimball, S. E- and Mrs., Mt. View 1849 

Kennedy, J.M. and Mrs., 148 N. Tenth St. 1852 

Kell , M . D . and Mrs. , 665 Prevost St 1 846 

Keith, P, G. and Mrs., Campbell 1850 

Kingery, D. B. and Mrs., 145 N. Fifth St 1852 
Kimberlin, J. M. and Mrs., Santa Clara . .1852 

Kidd, Mrs. P. A., 346 N. First St 1849 

Keyes, Mrs. E. M., 49 N. Thirteenth St. . .1849 

Kerr, John, 372 S. Eighth St 1851 

Kircher, Mary J , 479 S. Market St 1848 

King, Abram, 843 E Julian St 1850 

King, Mrs. Rosana, 843 E. Julian St 1853 

Kennedy, E- A., 141 S. Eighth St 1851 

Lowery, G. W. and Mrs,, 93 Devine St. . . .1852 

lyongley, Sam'l and Mrs., Mt. View 1849 

Landrum, J. C and Mrs., Santa Clara. . . .1850 
lycaman, J. B, & Mrs. , 429 Lake HouseAve . 1849 
Langford. R. J. and Mrs., 650 S. Third St.1853 
Lee, G. W. and Mrs., 481 N. Eleventh St. 1849 

Lutzen, P. H., P. O. Box 565 1852 

Leddy, D. A., 27 S Fifth St ...1853 

Leach, S. H., 630 Delmas Ave 1853 

Landers, Mrs. J. C, 962 S. Ninth St 1852 

Lambkin, Mrs. S., 298 W. San Carlos .... 1852 

Lance, Chas.. Evergreen 1849 

Lewis, Mrs. Frank,* Capitola 1846 

Lucksinger, Mrs.S. (widow), McKee Road 1853 

Long, Peter, 859 N. Fourteenth St 1852 

Love, C. W., 3353 Twenty-second St., S. F.1850 

Lawrence, Thos., Santa Clara 1852 

Manley, W. L. and Mrs., College Park. . . 1849 
Murgotten, A. P. and Mrs., 42 N. Tenth St.iS52 
Morehouse, H. V. and Mrs., 441 S. Sixth. . 1852 

Merithew, J. C. and Mrs 1849 

Murphy, B. D. and Mrs., 354 S. Third St. 1844 

Marsh, T. E. and Mrs., Saratoga 1850 

Miles, Morgan and Mrs., 258 S. Eleventh. 1853 

"Menton, H. D. and Mrs., Santa Clara 1850 

Martin, C.J. and Mrs., Third & S. Carlos. 1S49 

Matty, Antonio and Mrs. , Wrights 1S53 

McGettigan, C. & Mrs., ParkAve. & Sunol 

McCubbiu, R. and Mrs., Alviso P. O 1850 

McClay, Henry and Mrs., Evergreen 1853 

274 



Name Address Year 

McKinzie, W.H. and Mrs., Cottage Grove 1853 
Mcllvain, A. J. and Mrs., 609 Minor Ave. .1853 

McKee, J. O. and Mrs., McKee Road 1850 

McGinness, S.and Mrs., 48 Monterey Road . 1852 

Malech, F. A., Almaden Road 1850 

Monahan, P., Oakland 1853 

Mullinary, John, 131 Santa Teresa St 1848 

Murphy, Mrs. V. R., Ramona Fifth St 1846 

McCracken, Elizabeth, 590 N. Fifth St. . .1846 

McKean, Ambrose B , Mt. View 1850 

Medina, A. A., East San Jose 1852 

Miller, H, A.,* St. James Hotel. 

McDonald, Archy, First and Hobson Sts. . 1852 
McDonald, Mrs. J., First and Hobson Sts. 1852 

Myrick, Judge M. H.,* Campbell 1849 

O'Hanlon, Mrs. R. T., 413 S. Eighth St. . .1852 
O'Bannon, Mrs. J. L.. 71 E. San Salvador 1852 
Prindle, H. and Mrs., 770 E. St. John St. . 1853 

Palmer, Sam'l and Mrs., Campbell 1853 

Pillot, Anthony and Mrs., 28 East St 1850 

Peck, Smith and Mrs , 49 S. Seventh St. .1850 

Pillot, Alex and Mrs., 680 Orchard St 1850 

Pyle, J. H. and Mrs., Box 1216 1846 

Pomeroy, Hiram and Mrs., Lincoln Ave. 1853 

Patterson. S. A. and Mrs., Palo Alto 1849 

Patterson, Mrs. (widow). Santa Clara 

Pyle, VV. H., King Road 1846 

Pearle, J. Q., 256 N. Fourth St 1852 

Pillot, German, 85 S. Eleventh St " 1850 

Pillot, Mary. 85 S. Eleventh St 1850 

Pennimen, A. C. Minnesota Ave 1852 

Pfister, Adolph, 63 S. Fifth St 1847 

Ponpeo, Jose, 457 W. Santa Clara St 1852 

Peckham, W. H., 56 N. Ninth St 1849 

Pomeroy, C. W., Los Angeles 1849 

Ouinn. Wm. and Mrs., Story Road I853 

Ouivey, J. M. and Mrs., 472 N. Fourth St 1846 
Ouivey, F. M. and Mrs., 447 E. St. John. .1S46 

Rogers, W. B. and Mrs., Eden vale 1S52 

Reed, Chas. and Mrs., 334 W. S. Salvador 1848 

Rengstroff, H. and Mrs , Mt. View 1850 

Rhodes, Judge* and Mrs., Alameda 

Richardson, Monroe, Los (latos 1S49 

Rathbone, August, 1229 Sherman St 1S51 

Stephens, L. D. and Mrs,, 565 Martin Ave. 1849 

Selby, J. S. and Mrs., Milpitas Road 1853 

Stockton, S. P. and Mrs., Robertsville . . . .1852 

Smith, W. L. and Mrs., Box 804 1S50 

Shafter, J. D. and Mrs., 442 S. Fifth St. . . .1849 

Stern, M. and Mrs , 276 N. Third St 1852 

Smith, P\ M. and Mrs.. S99 S. First St 1852 

Stevens, O. and Mrs., Coyote 1852 

Spencer, H. A. and Mrs. , 224 E. St. John . . 1852 
Sanderson, L. F. and Mrs., Milpitas Road 1S49 

Sanders, Chas. E. and Mrs., Gilroy 1S50 

Souresseau, F. and Mrs., 45 W^. St. James. 1S49 



Name Address Year 

Stelling, John and Mrs., 36 Magnolia Ave. 1850 
Schroder, Albert and Mrs., 427 S. First St. 1849 
Simons, E. W . and Mrs., Lundy Lane .... 1852 

Sherer, A B. and Mrs., College Park 1849 

Sitton S. P. and Mrs., 474 S. Seventh St. . . 1850 
Suzzallo, PeterandMrs , 143 N. Fourth St. 1852 

Shannon, Thos and Mrs . , Ivos Gatos 1850 

Swain, L. H. and Mrs., Palo Alto 1849 

Stewart, S.C. & Mrs., Cunningham Road 1852 
Shuberth, John and Mrs., 480 S. First St. 1850 
Spitzer, L. A.* and Mrs., 339 N. First St. . 

Smith, J. M., McGettigan's Bakery 1852 

Shellenberger, M., 14 Shellenberger St. . .1844 

Scull, Jos. H. , 142 N. Market St 1849 

Speigle, W. R , Pleasant Ave 1849 

Smith, Catherine, 697 N. Third St 1849 

Shesler, Dr. J. A., Marlaire St 1852 

Singleton, Mrs. P.,* 852 S. Third St 

Smith, C. C, Berryessa 1852 

Swinford.J M., Soquel 1852 

Thorne, J. D. and Mrs., 73 Hancock, E S.J. 1853 
Thomas, J. W. and Mrs , 821 S. First St. . 1848 
Torbert, W.M. and Mrs., r8i N. Fourteenth 1852 
Tarleton, G. W. and Mrs., Milpitas Road. 1852 
Towle, G,W.&Mrs., 583 E Santa Clara St, 1852 
Towle, C. F. and Mrs. 12 Sycamore St. . . 1850 

Tripp, Dr. R. B , Los Gatos 1851 

Tenney, F. M., East San Jose 1852 

Yinter, Wm.,* 35 S . Third St 

Wight, David and Mrs., Willow & Delmas . 1851 



Name Address Year 

Wade, E. H. and Mrs., 987 Orchard St . . . ,1852 
Woodhams, A. R. and Mrs., West Side. . . 1849 
Woods, Uriah and Mrs., 425 S. Second St. 1852 
Willson, Dorson and Mrs., Old Gilroy . . . .1849 

Willson, Albert and Mrs., Old Gilroy 1852 

Wentz, Christian and Mrs. , Old Gilroy . . . .1849 

Weller, J. R. and Mrs., Milpitas 1850 

Wells, Dudley and Mrs , Milpitas 1852 

Woodson, S. T. and Mrs , 91 Balbach St. .1850 
Wampach, Chas. and Mrs., 838 S. Second. 1850 
Wade, Chas. E. and Mrs., Alviso Road. . .1850 
Wagener, S.H.* and Mrs., 82 E S Salvador 
Whalen, Thos * and Mrs., 163 N. FourthSt.1849 

WiUis, Mrs. Flavilla, Joliet, 111 1847 

Worthington, C. H., West Side 1850 

Willey, C. F., 88 N. First St 1850 

Wissman, F. C, 75 N. River St 1852 

Wissman, Mrs. Sarah, 75 N River St 1853 

Weiland, Mary, 279 Delmas Ave 1847 

Williams, Mrs. Sophia, Madrone 1849 

Williams, Mrs. S. C, Cottage Grove 1849 

Watkins, Mrs. L. J , 338 S. Tenth St 1851 

Williams, Mrs T. (widow), 148 E St. John 
Woodsum, Mrs. V. B. " 373 E. San Carlos 

Wheeler, Mrs. W. T. " 15 Henry St 

Wells, Proctor R.,* 580 S. Fifth St . 

Younger. Mrs. A., Alviso Road 1853 

Young, R, J., Evergreen 1846 



* Honorary Member. 



— -j:.-li:^5B«(^^=*— s,- 



icti^tttlftc ilepartntcttt Santa ^intu CCoU^g^. 
^xpCanatian of Cuts pages 55 anO 56. 



BOTANICAI, -NOTH^—See /la^e SS- 

The College possesses a collection of models, made partly of hardened gelatine and partly of papier-mach6, painted 
in natural colors and mounted in such a manner that they may be passed about in a class of students without fear of 
Taeing damaged. Many of these models represent vascular cryptogams on a magnified scale, so as to easily understand 
how they grow and reproduce themselves, which could not be done before without the aid of a good microscope. The 
ad\'antage of these models in teaching Cryptogamic Botany is incalculable; it is condensed knowledge. We choose some 
of these models reproduced by photography and give a short description for the pleasure of our readers. 

No. I represents the altern,ate generation of the Ferns, the figure on the right shows the Prothallium; the central one 
the sporangium in the act of expelling the tetrad spores; next the archegonium, and finally the development of the 
embryo. In most of the Ferns the underside of the fronds is occupied by rows of sporangia, full of spores (or little seeds) 
carved in tetrads. The spores in germinating produce not the mother plant, as it happens in the seeds of the Phanero- 
gams, but an intermediate cellular vegetable, called Prothallium. Now this Prothallium turns its protoplasm into two 
organs, viz: archegonia and antheridia, which in function r. semble much the ovules and the pollen grains of the higher 
plants In the coalescence or fusing together of the two consists the mystery of the fertilization of the plants, the result 
of the coalescence is a cell called zygote, which in germinating produces the original cryptogam, viz: the Fern. 

No. 2 represents the reproduction of the Equiseta, vulgarly known under the name of Scouring Rush. The right 
figure shows a single sporangiferous scale with two spores; one with elaters expanded, the other with elaters coiled, 
next, the archegonium, a flask-like cellular mass with the ovsphere to be fertilized. The central figure to the right 
shows the spore-bearing stems of Fquisetum arvense with a fertile spike; each scale containing two kinds of spores, viz: 
the macrospores and the microspores, the first giving birth to the female Prothallium and the second to the male Pro- 
thallium. The two figures on the left represent the two Prothallia on which the protoplasm becomes converted into 



275 



archegoiiia and atitheridia. The antherozoids visit the ovsphere in the archegonium, and by coalescing with it fertilize 
it. The zygote by germinating produces the sporophyte or the original Equisetum. 

No. 3 represents two carnivorious plants Dionoea Muscipula or Venus, fly trap on the left, and Drosera or Sun Dew 
on the right. When an insect alights on the open leaf of a Dionoea the bristles or spines wherewith the surface is 
studded, become inflected and hold it prisoner, next the two lobes of the leaf close and the poor creature is killed. In 
addition to the spinj- process, numerous glands are scattered on the whole surface of the leaf, which secrete an acid 
mucilaginous liquid contains pepsin, a ki;id of gastric juice, which covers the imprisoned bod\', and gradually dis- 
solves the albuminous compounds therein contained. The dissolved nitrogenous compounds are reabsorbed by the 
same glands, as previously discharge the acid liquid in response to the stimulus; and when the trap reopens, the glands 
are dry. The time requisite for the digestion of the nitrogenous body varies according to the size of the body, from 
eight to twenty days. No visible change is produced in the leaf by a shock, or pressure effected by a grain of sand, a 
drop of water, etc., but as soon as the surface is touched by proteids, the two lobes of the leaf close until the sharp mar- 
ginal teeth are interlocked and the foreign body is enclosed between two walls. The figure on the right shows a leaf of a 
species of Drosera all covered with filaments or tentacles, looking like pins inserted in a flat cushion. The clavate head 
must be regarded as a gland which secretes a clear thick pepsiniferous liquid that glitters in the sunlight and attracts- 
the insects. The moment a small insect drops on the tentacles and touches the glands, it becomes entangled. The eflForts- 
to save itself help to cover it with the sticky liquid. After a brief interval it dies from suff"ocation and it is digested in 
the same manner as in Dionoea. 

No. 4 represents the formation and reproduction of moulds. On the left is shown Penicollium Glancum or green 
mould, often observed on leather, bread and organic bodies undergoing decomposition. The plant exhibits two man- 
ners of perpetuating itself. The spores falling on favorable ground produce a mass of hyphae called mycelium. From 
this feltlike mass rise a multitude or a forest of tubular stems which run into seed as it were, or turn their protoplacs 
into strings of conidia which ripen fast, drop to the ground, reproduce the mycelium, the forest of erect filaments, etc. 
The second mode of reproduction shown in the figure i? called "conjugation " In the mould fungi known as mucorini, 
the coalescence of the two kinds of protoplasts is always preceded by the process of conjugation. Two more or less 
parallel hyphae put forth lateral protuberances, which stretch out towards one another until their two ends come in 
contact, and where the wall arising from the junction of the two outgrowths dissolves and the two protoplasts coalesce. 
This coalescence is to be looked upon as the act of fertilization. The figure on the right presents another green mouldy 
the Burobium Aspergillus Glancey, with mycelium conidiophores, conidia, ascogonium in an advanced stage, fruit in 
cross section showing the wall, the inner filling tissue and the ascogonial hypha. 

No 5 shows the formation and reproduction of both the Blastomycetes and of the Schizomycetes. The figure on the 
left represents the yeast plant, which causes the fermentation or the reduction of glucose into alcohol and carbonic acid 
in the manufacture of beer, wines and bread-making. Yeast is a microscopical uncellular plant which feeds on the 
glucose, producing as a waste product alcohol and carbonic acid. The figure shows the yeast fermenting below, that 
fermenting at the surface, the spores in tetrads in the inner cavit\' of the mother cell, free before germination and finally 
a spore germinated and forming young yeast cells. The yeast plant multiplies in two ways: one by budding like a tree, 
the other by turning its protoplast into daughter cells. These fill up the whole capacity of the mother cell, burst it, 
diffusing themselves in the must, causing its muddiness, growing by the absorption of the glucose and proteids of the 
liquid. The figure on the right shows the shape and form of many bacteria or bacilli that are the cause of so many 
infectious diseases. Here are figured the bacilli of tuberculosis, typhus, leprosy, anthracis, diphtheria and pneumonia. 
In order to have a good idea of these bacteria it was deemed advisable to magnify their size in the model from 20,000 
times to 51,000. 

No. 6 represents three samples of corals from a rich collection that the college bought some N-ears ago. The sample 
on the left is a fine specimen of madre pora; that in the center is named Dendrogyra, cream-like in color and a very 
showy specimen from the Bahamas. The specimen on the right is a Turbinaria from the Fiji Isles: it forms one of the 
most attractive corals. 

HISTORICAL NOTES.— 5^<f/a^6'j-<5. 

Rklief Map of the Yosemite Valley. — This map was constructed from the data of the best surveys and 
modeled by F. E. Howell. Among its prominent features may be mentioned the great granite plateau with the lofty 
domes, the gorge which cleaves it asunder, the walls rising verticalh' to the summits of El Capitan, Half Dome, etc., 
3000 to 5000 feet above the sinuous windings of the Merced River. Size, 4 feet In- 6 feet. 

Rosetta Stone. — The original is in the British Museum and was discovered in 1799 in the town of Rosetta on the 
Delta of the Nile. It is of black basalt and contains an inscription in three languages, Egj'ptian HierogU-phics, 
Demotic and Greek, in honor of King Ptolemy Epiphaues. The great interest of this tablet is that it gave the first 
clue to Champollion to read the hieroglyphics. 

Temple Stone. — It is the only authentic relic of the Temple of Jerusalem. This stone rested on the top of a 
balustrade which marked the limit beyond which no alien could go, under pain of death. The warning is written in 
Greek, and it is supposed that the stone is one of those set up by Herod two \-ears before the birth of Christ. 

The Moabite Stone. — The original of black basalt and in Phoenician characters records how Mesha, King of 
Moab, successfully revolted against Israel. This event is related in II Kings, III. The inscription reads like a 
chapter of the Old Testament and it is full of interest to biblical scholars. 

The Chaldean Delvge Tablet. — It consists of two baked clay leaves, where with cuneiform characters is 
recorded the account of the deluge. It was discovered in the library of Assurbanipal by Mr. G. Smith. It is the only 
account outside of the Old Testament in which the cause assigned for the flood is a moral one. 

Aztec Calendar. — It is a reduced model from a disc of basalt twelve feet in diameter. From this calendar it 
appears that they formed the sixteen hours of their daj- with precision the periods of the solstices and equinoxes. The 
years are correct, and a good correction was made for the bissextile. The use of this calendar, discovered in 1520 in 
Mexico, denoted great astronomical knowledge in this people. 

276 



